State Space: time dependent states but time-independent output

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the representation of a system in state space form, specifically focusing on a system with time-dependent states but time-independent output. Participants explore the formulation of the state transition matrix and the output matrix, considering the implications of sinusoidal functions in this context.

Discussion Character

  • Technical explanation, Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant presents a state space model with time-dependent states defined by sinusoidal functions and proposes an output matrix based on these states.
  • Another participant agrees with the initial representation but raises a concern about the output matrix becoming undefined when the cosine function equals zero.
  • A later reply points out that state space representation is typically valid only for linear systems and notes that sinusoidal functions are not linear, suggesting that time should not appear as a variable in the representation.
  • Another participant suggests that the system or its representation needs to be modified to ensure it is linear and time-independent.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the validity of the proposed state space representation, with some agreeing on the initial formulation while others challenge its applicability due to the non-linear nature of the functions involved. The discussion remains unresolved regarding the correct approach to representing the system.

Contextual Notes

Limitations include the dependence on the linearity of the system and the implications of including time as a variable in the state space representation.

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Let:
$$x_1=A\sin{\omega t}$$ $$x_2=\dot{x}_1=A\omega \cos{\omega t}$$ $$y=A\omega$$
We want to represent this system in a state space model. The state transition matrix read:
$$A=\begin{bmatrix} 0 & 1 &\\ -\omega^2 & 0 \\ \end{bmatrix}$$ I am not sure what the output matrix will be like. Can we say
$$y=A\omega=\frac{-x_2}{\cos{\omega t}}$$
So that:
$$C=\begin{bmatrix} 0 & \frac{-1}{\cos{\omega t}} \end{bmatrix}$$
 
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Looks good to me!
 
But this blows up if cos(x)=0, although the original output would not!
 
So one point that I overlooked, state space representation is really only valid for linear systems.
sinusoidal functions are not linear.
the state space representation also should not contain time as a variable, as it demonstrates how the system responds over time.

I was incorrect to say it looked fine :(
 
you need to modify your system, or representation of the system, such that it is linear and time independent
 

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