Thermodynamics is widely applied in engineering, but certain complex problems require the use of statistical mechanics for a deeper understanding. In fields like electronics component design, statistical mechanics can provide insights that thermodynamics alone cannot. This is particularly relevant when dealing with systems at the microscopic level, where statistical methods are essential for predicting behavior. The discussion highlights the limitations of thermodynamics in addressing specific engineering challenges. Overall, statistical mechanics plays a crucial role in enhancing the analysis and design of advanced engineering systems.