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Advanced Physics Homework Help
Statistical mechanics, spin average
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[QUOTE="K space, post: 4883576, member: 515304"] This is an exercise from an old examination that I am trying to understand by following the given solution to this problem. The exercise is about to calculate the four spin average <S[SUB]i[/SUB]S[SUB]j[/SUB]S[SUB]k[/SUB]S[SUB]l[/SUB]> and the indices i,j,k and l, given a Hamiltonian H. Solution: [ATTACH=full]74495[/ATTACH] The problem is that i can't follow the last two steps in this given solution. I understand how the partition function Z is obtained and how they express the four spin average as the trace of the four spins and the "density operator" (e^(-beta*H)/Z). But I am very confused about how they continue to the next last and last rows. I'm thankful for explanations! [/QUOTE]
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Statistical mechanics, spin average
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