Stokes law - Settling velocity and rate

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the settling velocity and settling rate of fly ash particles using Stokes' law. The particle density (ρ) is given as 1.8 g/mL, with an average diameter of 13 μm and a concentration of 800 μg/m³. The Stokes-Cunningham slip correction factor is 1.015. The settling velocity (vt) is calculated using the formula vt = (pp - pa)C*g*dp² / 18n, resulting in a value of approximately 2403.654 g/m/s, which converts to 240.3654 cm/s. The settling rate is derived by multiplying the settling velocity by the concentration.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Stokes' law and its application in fluid dynamics
  • Knowledge of particle density and air density calculations
  • Familiarity with viscosity and its role in settling velocity
  • Basic proficiency in Python for computational solutions
NEXT STEPS
  • Learn about the derivation and applications of Stokes' law in various contexts
  • Research the effects of particle size and density on settling velocity
  • Explore the use of Python for scientific computing, particularly with libraries like SciPy
  • Investigate common errors in environmental chemistry textbooks and their implications
USEFUL FOR

This discussion is beneficial for environmental scientists, students in fluid dynamics, and anyone involved in aerosol research or air quality assessment.

Maharg
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Homework Statement


1. A fly ash (ρ =1.8 g/mL) aerosol consists of particles averaging 13 μm in diameter and with a concentration of 800μg/m3. Use the average diameter to calculate the settling velocity (cm/s) and settling rate (μg/m/s) of the particles in air.
The Stokes-Cunningham slip correction factor is 1.015.


Homework Equations



vt = (pp - pa)C*g*dp^2/ 18n

vt = settling velocity in m/s
pp = particle density g/m3
pa = air density g/m3
C = stokes-cunningham slip correction factor (given in question)
g = acceleration due to gravity
dp = particle diameter in m
n = viscosity of air

The Attempt at a Solution



So first I had to figure out what each part of equation is since I was not given all of it.

pp was given in question as 1.8 g/mL converted to 1.8E6 g/m3 (is that correct conversion?)

pa I found online air density to be 1.184E3 g/m3 at 25 Celsius (note no textbook for this class)

g = 9/8 m/s2

n = 1.86E-2 g/m*s I also found this online

After this I plugged it all into equation.

vt = [(1.8E6 g/m3 - 1.184E3 g/m3)(1.015)(9.8 m/s2)(13E-5 m)]/[18(1.86E-2 g/m*s)]

= 2403.654 g/m / 0.3348 g/m*s
= 7179 = 7.2E3 s

my units don't make sense. everything cancels out but seconds. How go I get this in m(cm) a second. I don't know how to make it so m doesn't cancel?

Also I do not know how to do settling rate. We have never talked about rate in class. Any suggestions?


 
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I think you forgot to square one of the terms which is why you are missing an m.

I assumed the settling rate was just the previous number * the concentration, although you are right, the book did not discuss it!

("Environmental Chemistry: a global perspective" by Gary w vanLoon and Stephen J. Duffy is full of errors and questions which does not reflect the material covered.)

Anyway, this was code to solve the problem:

Code:
#!/usr/bin/env python
from __future__ import division
from scipy import pi


p_p=1.8*10**6 #g/mL
d_p=13e-06 #m
C=1.016
p_a=1.2e03 #g/m^3
eta=1.2e-02 #g/ms
g=9.81 #m/s/s
N= 800 #ug/m^3


Vt=(p_p-p_a)*C*g*d_p**2/(18*eta)

print 'Problem 6.4'
print '==========='
print 'Settling velocity = ' + str(Vt) + ' m/s =' +str(Vt*100) + ' cm/s'
print 'Settling rate = ' + str(Vt*N) + ' ug/m^2/s'
 

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