Sulfur Hybridization and Bonding

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SUMMARY

Sulfur is sp2 hybridized, exhibiting a trigonal planar geometry with an AXE designation of AX3 and no lone pairs, resulting in a nonpolar molecule. The discussion centers on the confusion regarding the representation of sulfur with three equivalent resonance structures, particularly concerning the bond lengths between sulfur and oxygen. It is established that while resonance structures are approximations, the average bond length remains consistent across the S-O bonds, despite individual bond characteristics in the resonance forms.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of hybridization concepts, specifically sp2 hybridization.
  • Knowledge of molecular geometry, particularly trigonal planar structures.
  • Familiarity with resonance structures and their implications in molecular bonding.
  • Basic principles of bond length variations in chemical structures.
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the concept of resonance structures in greater detail, focusing on their role in molecular stability.
  • Study the implications of hybridization on molecular geometry and polarity.
  • Learn about bond length variations and how they relate to different types of bonds (single vs. double).
  • Explore the application of VSEPR theory in predicting molecular shapes and bond angles.
USEFUL FOR

Chemistry students, educators, and anyone interested in understanding molecular bonding and hybridization concepts, particularly in relation to sulfur compounds.

Qube
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Homework Statement




http://i.minus.com/jsdp6WZ2nqRY9.jpg

Homework Equations



Sulfur is sp2 hybridized. Sulfur is also nonpolar having an AXE of AX3 and no lone pairs. It is trigonal planar.

The Attempt at a Solution



I'm not sure if sulfur can be represented by three equivalent resonance structures. If one draws the resonance structures there will be one double-bonded oxygen, and a double-bonded oxygen is going to have a shorter bond length than a single bonded oxygen to the sulfur. The problem states that all the oxygen are equidistant, so how can there be three resonance structures in which the distance of the oxygen from the sulfur differ?
 
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Qube said:
I'm not sure if sulfur can be represented by three equivalent resonance structures. If one draws the resonance structures there will be one double-bonded oxygen, and a double-bonded oxygen is going to have a shorter bond length than a single bonded oxygen to the sulfur. The problem states that all the oxygen are equidistant, so how can there be three resonance structures in which the distance of the oxygen from the sulfur differ?
First, resonance structures are an approximation. Second, you can't see these structures as independent. As the molecule goes from one structure to the other, the average bond length will be the same for each S-O bond.

By the way, this question should've been posted in the chemistry subforum.
 

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