Temperature Concept: Emperical vs Thermodynamic

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SUMMARY

The discussion clarifies the distinction between empirical and thermodynamic temperature. Empirical temperature is defined by its linear relationship to specific properties of substances, such as electrical resistance, exemplified by copper and platinum resistance thermometers. In contrast, thermodynamic temperature is grounded in the Second Law of Thermodynamics and requires a theoretical framework to connect measurements from gas thermometers to the thermodynamic scale. For gases at low densities, the thermodynamic temperature ratio approximates the ratio of gas pressures.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of empirical temperature concepts
  • Familiarity with thermodynamic principles
  • Knowledge of the Second Law of Thermodynamics
  • Basic principles of gas thermometers
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the Second Law of Thermodynamics in detail
  • Explore the calibration methods for resistance thermometers
  • Study the behavior of gases at low densities
  • Learn about the relationship between pressure and temperature in thermodynamics
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Students and professionals in physics, thermodynamics researchers, and anyone interested in the principles of temperature measurement and its applications in scientific research.

M. next
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what is the difference between emperical and thermodynamic temperature?
 
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An empirical temperature is defined as linearly related to some specific property of a substance or system, such as its electrical resistance. So if we had a copper resistance thermometer and a platinum resistance thermometer and calibrated them at the ice and steam point, there'd be no reason to expect them to give exactly the same reading at some intermediate temperature.

Thermodynamic temperature is based, not on the property of a particular substance, but upon the universally applicable Second Law of Thermodynamics. To measure temperatures on this scale we have to have a theory which links readings (on say a gas thermometer) to the thermodynamic scale. It turns out that for gases at very low densities, the thermodynamic temperature ratio is close to the ratio of gas pressures.
 
M. next: Was this reply of any help? Does it need clarification? If so, where specifically?
 
Thank you Philip. It is perfectly illustrated, I understood it.
 

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