The Chemistry Behind Fizzy Bath Bombs

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the chemical reactions involved in the creation and functioning of bath bombs, specifically focusing on the ingredients used and their roles in the fizzing reaction when the bombs are placed in water. The scope includes theoretical chemistry and practical application in a classroom setting.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Conceptual clarification

Main Points Raised

  • One participant inquires about the specific components that cause the bath bombs to react and fizz when in contact with water, particularly questioning the role of sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO3).
  • Another participant suggests that NaHCO3, being a base, reacts with citric acid in an aqueous environment to produce carbon dioxide (CO2) gas, leading to the fizzing effect.
  • There is speculation that olive oil is included for skin benefits, while cornstarch is thought to stabilize the dry mixture and prevent premature reactions between citric acid and NaHCO3.
  • One participant confirms the bath bomb works well and seeks clarification on the purpose of cornstarch and citric acid in the mixture.
  • A later reply emphasizes that cornstarch does not participate in the reaction but serves to keep the ingredients stable by separating them.
  • Another participant comments on the aromatic properties of esters, noting their pleasant smell but also cautioning about their effectiveness as perfumes.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants generally agree on the roles of NaHCO3 and citric acid in the fizzing reaction, but there are varying opinions on the contributions of cornstarch and olive oil, indicating some unresolved aspects of the discussion.

Contextual Notes

Some assumptions about the stability of the dry ingredients and the specific interactions between them remain unexamined. The discussion does not resolve the exact contributions of each ingredient to the overall reaction.

Who May Find This Useful

This discussion may be of interest to students and educators in chemistry, hobbyists experimenting with bath bomb formulations, and individuals curious about the chemical processes involved in everyday products.

Inquiring_Mike
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We have recently created "bath bombs" in our chemistry class and I was wondering what it was in these bombs that made them react with(creates a fizz) and then they become soluble in water.
Here is the materials list.
-citric acid
-sodium hydrogen carbonate
-olive oil
-cornstarch
-ester(we created our own)

We mixed the citric acid, cornstarch and sodium hydrogen carbonate first, then mixed in the olive oil and ester. Then we let it sit for 2 days... What is it that makes it react with water? Is it the NaHCO3?
 
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Hello Inquiring Mike!

From your description I'd have to guess that all your ingredients are dry right? That would make sense..

NaHCO3 is baking soda, similar to the stuff that goes into pop/soda. This is a base, and it will react with an acid in an aqeous environment -> when you put it into the bathtub CO2 gas forms, creating the bubbles.

The olive oil might just be added since it is good for the skin? Prevent it from drying out, after spending hours in the bathtub experimenting with the bath bomb ;P

The starch too, I'd guess it doesn't really add much to the reaction, besides maybe stabilize the dry form of the product.

The ester is an aromatic substance, nice fragrance!

Did you try it yet?? I wonder if it really works nicely!
 
Yup, it works well...
What would the purpose of the cornstarch and citric acid be?
 
The NaHCO3 is a base and in order for it to decompose it needs an acid, citric acid for instance. You would get water and the CO2 gas as a result.

Cornstarch is not reactive, it serves to keep the dry product in a stable form (so that the citric acid (lemon juice) and the NaHCO3 (baking soda) can't react in dry form). It does this simply by sitting in between the molecules and keeping them apart.

Too bad I don't have a bathtub anymore, I would have tried it myself :P
 
Esters smell nice. But they make lousy perfumes. Make sure you rinse well, or you'll be sticking it up all day.
 

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