The potential inside and outside of an infinitely long cylinder, where σ=a*sin(5θ)

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Homework Help Overview

The problem involves determining the electric potential inside and outside an infinitely long cylinder with a specified surface charge density that varies with the angle θ. The charge density is given as σ(θ) = w*sin(5θ), and the potential is to be expressed in terms of cylindrical coordinates using the Laplace equation.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory, Conceptual clarification, Mathematical reasoning

Approaches and Questions Raised

  • Participants discuss the implications of the charge density on the potential, noting the need to evaluate the potential inside and outside the cylinder. There is a focus on the orthogonality of sine and cosine functions in the context of Fourier series, particularly why only certain terms are non-zero in the expansion.

Discussion Status

Some participants are exploring the connection between the Fourier series representation of the potential and the specific terms that arise from the charge density. Questions about the assumptions made in the solution manual regarding the coefficients of the Fourier series are being raised, indicating a productive examination of the mathematical framework involved.

Contextual Notes

Participants note that the sum in the potential expression runs from k=1 to infinity, and there is a discussion about the integration of terms involving sine functions over a full period to determine non-zero contributions. The original poster expresses confusion about the assumptions made in the solution manual regarding the coefficients.

heycoa
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Homework Statement



Charge density: σ(θ)=w*sin(5θ)

(where a is a constant) is glued over the surface of an infinite cylinder of radius R. Find the potential inside and outside the cylinder.


Homework Equations


s is a point inside or outside of the cylinder, and θ is the angle between s and the x-axis.
Laplace equation in cylindrical coordinates:

V(s,θ)=a0+b0*ln(s)+Ʃ(s^k(a*cos(kθ)+b*sin(kθ)+s^-k(c*cos(kθ)+d*sin(kθ)))

(*)Charge density: σ=-ε0(∂V(outside)/∂s-∂V(inside)/∂s) evaluated at s=R

The Attempt at a Solution



So I solved inside and outside potential, the answers are given as follows:

Inside: V(s,θ)=a0+Ʃ(s^k(a*cos(kθ)+b*sin(kθ)) This is because ln(0) is undefined so b0 must equal 0 AND 0^-k is undefined so s^-k(c*cos(kθ)+d*sin(kθ) must equal 0.

Outside: V(s,θ)=a0+Ʃ(s^-k(c*cos(kθ)+d*sin(kθ)))

Now using the charge density equation (*):

σ=ε0*Ʃ(K*R^(-k-1)*(c*cos(kθ)+d*sin(kθ)-K*R^(k-1)*(a*cos(kθ)+b*sin(kθ))
Thus:
w*sin(5θ)=ε0*Ʃ(K*R^(-k-1)*(c*cos(kθ)+d*sin(kθ)-K*R^(k-1)*(a*cos(kθ)+b*sin(kθ))

Now this is where I begin to struggle. The answer manual assumes that a=c=0 and b=d=0 except when k=5. It then proceeds to say that w=5*ε0(d5/R^6+R^4*b5). I am missing the connection as to why these claims are true.

Any help is appreciated, thank you
 
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heycoa said:
Thus:
w*sin(5θ)=ε0*Ʃ(K*R^(-k-1)*(c*cos(kθ)+d*sin(kθ)-K*R^(k-1)*(a*cos(kθ)+b*sin(kθ))

Now this is where I begin to struggle. The answer manual assumes that a=c=0 and b=d=0 except when k=5. It then proceeds to say that w=5*ε0(d5/R^6+R^4*b5). I am missing the connection as to why these claims are true.

This is a consequence of the orthogonality of the sines and cosines. Basically, on your left you have only a single Fourier sine mode, w*sin(5θ). On your right you have an infinite sum of Fourier sine and cosine modes, in other words, you have a full Fourier series. To see explicitly why the only nonzero terms are the sin(5θ) terms, try multiplying both sides of the equation by sin(kθ) and integrating over a full period, then try the same thing with cos(kθ) instead.
 


I forgot to mention that the sum:
Ʃ(K*R^(-k-1)*(c*cos(kθ)+d*sin(kθ)-K*R^(k-1)*(a*cos(kθ)+b*sin(kθ))

is from k=1 to infinity.

Did you mean divide both sides by sin(5θ)? If I multiply then I would have w*sin^2(5θ)= the integral with respect to theta on the right side?
 


heycoa said:
I forgot to mention that the sum:
Ʃ(K*R^(-k-1)*(c*cos(kθ)+d*sin(kθ)-K*R^(k-1)*(a*cos(kθ)+b*sin(kθ))

is from k=1 to infinity.

Did you mean divide both sides by sin(5θ)? If I multiply then I would have w*sin^2(5θ)= the integral with respect to theta on the right side?

Multiply by sin(nθ) (where n is an integer) and integrate over theta for a full period (you will have a definite integral)...when is the integral on the LHS non-zero? What does that tell you about the terms on the RHS?
 

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