Transcription factors - how does it unbind

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SUMMARY

Transcription factors unbind from DNA primarily through reversible non-covalent interactions, including hydrogen bonds, ion pairs, van der Waals forces, and the hydrophobic effect. These interactions are relatively weak, allowing thermal fluctuations to provide sufficient energy to disrupt the binding. This process is crucial for regulating transcription and ensuring that gene expression is appropriately controlled.

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how do transcription factors UNBIND from the DNA to prevent further transcription??
 
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Transcription factors interact with DNA non-covalently and all non-covalent binding reactions are reversible. Typically, binding occurs through a variety of weak intermolecular forces (e.g hydrogen bonds, ion pairs, van der Waals interactions, hydrophobic effect) whose strength is on the order of the thermal energy of the system. Therefore, thermal fluctuations can supply enough energy to break the bonds between transcription factor and DNA, releasing the transcription factor from the DNA.
 

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