In a triangle ABC inscribed in a circle with diameter AC, the angle BCA can be determined using the properties of inscribed angles. Given that arc BC subtends an angle of 40 degrees, angle BCA measures 20 degrees, as inscribed angles are half the measure of the subtended arc. Additionally, since AC is the diameter, angle ABC is a right angle, measuring 90 degrees. This leads to angle CAB being 70 degrees, completing the triangle's angle measures. Understanding these relationships is crucial for solving problems involving inscribed angles in circles.