Two Blocks with rope and Pulley on Inclined Plane

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The discussion centers on solving a physics problem involving two blocks connected by a rope over a pulley, with one block on an inclined plane and the other hanging. The goal is to find the tension in the rope and the acceleration of both blocks without rotating the axes. The participants emphasize the importance of consistent sign conventions for forces and accelerations in their equations. There is a focus on correctly applying the equations of motion for both blocks, particularly regarding the components of forces acting on each. The conversation highlights the need for clarity and consistency in problem-solving approaches.
Dahaka14
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Homework Statement


This is a problem that I am trying to help my friend with. I understand how to solve this problem the traditional way by rotating the axes of the block on the inclined plane, but then my friend asked me to show him how the answer is the same with non-rotated axes.
There are two blocks connected by a rope that goes over a pulley, one block of mass m_{2} hanging by the rope over the edge, and the other block of mass m_{1} on the inclined plane. Given the angle of the plane with the horizontal, and without any type of friction, find the tension in the rope and the acceleration of the two blocks.


Homework Equations


m_{1}=5kg
m_{2}=10kg
\theta=40^{0}
\sumF_{x:m_{1}}=Tcos\theta+Ncos\theta=-m_{1}acos\theta
\sumF_{y:m_{1}}=Tsin\theta+Nsin\theta-m_{1}g=m_{1}asin\theta
\sumF_{x:m_{2}}=0
\sumF_{y:m_{2}}=T-m_{2}g=-m_{2}a


The Attempt at a Solution


I somehow get the Tsin\theta's to cancel when dividing the force equations to eliminate the m_{1}a's. Maybe it's just the end of the day and I'm tired and suck at this. Can someone please help?_{}
 
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Careful with the signs of the components of N and the acceleration. (Make sure your signs for the acceleration are consistent.)
 
Well, i made the acceleration of m1 positive y (+sine) and negative x (-cosine) because it is moving "up and to the right." My normal force is acting "up and to the left," so it has a positive y and positive x orientation. The difference is that m2 has an acceleration in the negative y direction. Does this sound like it would be correct? If you need me to, I can explicitly write out what I did, but if you don't need me to I won't because the tex can get tedious.
 
Dahaka14 said:
Well, i made the acceleration of m1 positive y (+sine) and negative x (-cosine) because it is moving "up and to the right."
OK. For some reason, you take "to the left" as positive. No problem, just be consistent. That means that the x-component of the tension must be negative.
 
The book claims the answer is that all the magnitudes are the same because "the gravitational force on the penguin is the same". I'm having trouble understanding this. I thought the buoyant force was equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Weight depends on mass which depends on density. Therefore, due to the differing densities the buoyant force will be different in each case? Is this incorrect?

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