Understanding Self-Consistent Solutions in Kohn-Sham Equations

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the concept of self-consistent solutions in Kohn-Sham equations, which are fundamental in density functional theory (DFT). A self-consistent solution is achieved when the condition F[n(𝑥)] - n(𝑥) = 0 holds true, indicating that the computed electron density remains unchanged across iterations. Key references include the original Kohn-Sham paper from 1965 and the MATLAB toolbox KSSOLV, which aids in solving these equations. Understanding these principles is crucial for accurate modeling in quantum chemistry and material science.

PREREQUISITES
  • Familiarity with Kohn-Sham equations
  • Understanding of density functional theory (DFT)
  • Basic knowledge of iterative numerical methods
  • Experience with MATLAB for utilizing KSSOLV toolbox
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the original Kohn-Sham paper: "Self-Consistent Equations Including Exchange and Correlation Effects" by W. Kohn and L. J. Sham
  • Explore the MATLAB toolbox KSSOLV for practical applications in solving Kohn-Sham equations
  • Review the section on self-consistency in Richard M. Martin's "Electronic Structure"
  • Investigate the implications of self-consistent solutions in quantum chemistry and material science
USEFUL FOR

Researchers and practitioners in quantum chemistry, material science, and computational physics, particularly those focused on density functional theory and electronic structure calculations.

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what does self consistent solution mean in for example Kohn-sham equations?
 
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The equations of a linear system are consistent if they possesses a common solution, and consistency implies at least one solution.

See - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_of_linear_equations#Consistency

Self-consistency is the condition that F[n(\vec{x})]\,-\,n(\vec{x}) = 0.

See - section 4.4 of http://people.ccmr.cornell.edu/~muchomas/P480/Notes/dft/dft.pdf
from http://people.ccmr.cornell.edu/~muchomas/P480/

See also the original Kohn-Sham paper - "Self-Consistent Equations Including Exchange and Correlation Effects," by W. Kohn and L. J. Sham, Physical Review 140, A1133-A1138 (1965).
http://www.cem.msu.edu/~cem883/topics_pdf/Kohn_Sham.pdf

and

"Inhomogeneous Electron Gas," by P. Hohenberg and W. Kohn, Physical Review 136, B864-B871 (1964).
http://prola.aps.org/pdf/PR/v136/i3B/pB864_1

See also Electronic structure By Richard M. Martin

This might also be of interest - KSSOLV—a MATLAB toolbox for solving the Kohn-Sham equations
http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1499096.1499099
 
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It means that on the n-th iteration of the KS loop, the density that you compute from the KS states is equal to the density computed on the (n-1)-th iteration.
 
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