Vaporization pressure in a fuel can

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the vaporization pressure in a plastic jerry can used for gasoline storage, specifically examining how the fluid level affects pressure due to vaporization. Participants explore theoretical and practical implications of filling the can to different levels and the resulting pressure dynamics.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant suggests that filling the can as much as possible may reduce vaporization pressure, while another proposes filling it to about 80% to leave air space.
  • Some participants argue that vapor pressure is primarily dependent on temperature, implying that fluid level may not significantly affect pressure in a rigid can.
  • Another viewpoint considers the effects of a non-rigid can, suggesting that leaving headroom allows for slight expansion, potentially moderating pressure increases due to vaporization.
  • Concerns are raised about the implications of thermal expansion differences between the fuel and the can material, particularly in rigid containers, which could lead to high pressures under certain conditions.
  • One participant asserts that the pressure in the headspace will always settle at the vapor pressure for the temperature, while another counters that the presence of air in the headspace complicates this relationship.
  • A clarification is provided that the total pressure in the headspace is the sum of the air pressure and the vapor pressure, which can lead to higher pressures than vapor pressure alone.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the influence of fluid level on vaporization pressure, with some asserting that it has no effect while others argue that it does, particularly in non-rigid containers. The discussion remains unresolved regarding the best approach to manage vaporization pressure in jerry cans.

Contextual Notes

Participants note various assumptions, such as the rigidity of the can and the thermal expansion properties of the materials involved, which may affect the outcomes discussed. The relationship between vapor pressure, air pressure, and fluid level is also highlighted as complex and context-dependent.

Anders L
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A normal behavior of a plastic jerry can used for gasoline is that it expands by the pressure caused by vaporization of the gas.

Which option below will be the best alternative to reduce the pressure caused by vaporization in a jerry can during storage? :

- Fill up the can as much as possible

- Fill up to let say 80% of the total volume, leaving some air at the top

Regards Anders
 
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I think the vapour pressure depends only on the temperature, so my guess is that the fluid level won't have any effect.

Cheers,
Terry
 
If one treats the can as being perfectly rigid, that is correct -- the fluid level will not have any effect. The increase in pressure will be exactly equal to the vapor pressure of the fuel.

If the can is non-rigid then leaving a lesser amount of head room means that a small expansion in the can results in a (relatively) larger expansion in the head room. So the expected increase in pressure due to vaporization of the fuel is countered by a slight expansion in the can and the pressure only increases slightly.

So... in the real world my answer would be to fill the can nearly full up.

However... if the coefficient of thermal expansion of the fuel is different than the coefficient of thermal expansion of the can and if the can is very rigid and if the temperature rises or falls then a completely full can could be subject to very large pressures. (e.g. consider what happens to a glass bottle completely full of water in the freezer). Jerry cans are not that rigid. Still, it can be unwise to fill a rigid container completely.
 
I think that even in the non rigid container case the pressure will always settle at the vapour pressure for the temperature.

Cheers,
Terry
 
Not if there is any air in the head space.
 
OK.
Could you please provide the "why is it so"?

Cheers,
Terry
 
The pressure in the head space is the sum of the air pressure plus the vapor pressure. When you initially tighten the lid on the can the head space is full of air at atmospheric pressure. Fuel eventually evaporates so that the partial pressure of fuel vapor in the head space is equal to the vapor pressure of the fuel at the current temperature. But the air is still there, so the resulting pressure will be strictly higher than the vapor pressure alone.
 

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