Variation of Kinetic Energy with temperature

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SUMMARY

The total kinetic energy per unit volume in a monoatomic gas at standard temperature and pressure is calculated as E_k/V = 1.52x10^5 J/m^3. When pressure is maintained constant, the variation of kinetic energy with temperature is expressed as E_k = 3(nRT)/2. This relationship indicates that as temperature increases, the number of molecules per unit volume decreases, affecting the overall kinetic energy of the gas. The discussion emphasizes the importance of considering changes in molecular density when analyzing kinetic energy variations with temperature.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of the ideal gas law (pV = nRT)
  • Familiarity with kinetic theory of gases
  • Knowledge of monoatomic gas properties
  • Basic thermodynamics concepts
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the ideal gas law and its applications in thermodynamics
  • Learn about the kinetic theory of gases and its implications for molecular behavior
  • Explore the relationship between temperature, pressure, and volume in gas laws
  • Investigate the effects of gas expansion on molecular density and kinetic energy
USEFUL FOR

Students of physics, researchers in thermodynamics, and professionals working with gas dynamics will benefit from this discussion, particularly those focused on the kinetic energy of gases and its dependence on temperature and pressure conditions.

johnconnor
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Question:

Find the total kinetic energy per unit volume in a monoatomic gas at standard temperature and pressure and deduce an expression for the variation of this kinetic energy with temperature if the pressure is maintained constant. [Standard pressure = 1.01E5 Pa]

Attempt:

Pressure of a gas
[itex]pV= \dfrac{N_A m <c>^2}{3V}V[/itex]
[itex]\dfrac{M<c>^2}{2} = 3pV/2[/itex]
where M = NAm
[itex]E_k /V = 3p/2[/itex]
[itex]E_k /V = 1.52x10^5 J/m^3[/itex]

Variation of this Ek with temperature is pressure is maintained constant:
[itex]E_k = 3pV/2[/itex]
[itex]E_k = 3(nRT)/2[/itex].

Comments: For the "Variation of this Ek with temperature is pressure is maintained constant", is that all that I should show? What other comments should I include to make my working more accurate?

The guide mentioned:
You can reach the same conclusion starting from kinetic energy = 3NkT/2, provided allowance is made for the fact that the number of atoms per unit volume will change.

How so? can anyone please explain the bold sentence to me? Thank you!
 
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provided allowance is made for the fact that the number of atoms per unit volume will change.

Kinetic energy given by 3kNT/2 is for one mole of the gas at a given volume. So, I think that refers to the expansion of gas with the rise in temperature. The number of molecules per unit volume at a temperature T1 will be lesser that the number of molecules per unit volume at temperature T2 < T1.
 

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