Can you explain the derivation of mr^2 [n X (dn/dt)] in orbital theory?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the derivation of the expression mr^2 [n X (dn/dt)] in the context of orbital theory, specifically focusing on angular momentum and its components. Participants explore the relationships between position vectors, velocities, and angular momentum in a mathematical framework.

Discussion Character

  • Technical explanation
  • Mathematical reasoning

Main Points Raised

  • One participant seeks clarification on how the expression mr^2 [n X (dn/dt)] is derived from the angular momentum formula L = r X (mv).
  • Another participant suggests starting from the angular momentum equation and substituting the values of r and v expressed in terms of the unit vector n.
  • A participant provides a step-by-step breakdown of the derivation, showing how to express v in terms of n and its derivative, leading to the expression involving the cross product.
  • Another participant confirms the correctness of the derivation and notes that r^2 can be factored out as a scalar.
  • A participant expresses their relief at finally understanding the derivation after a long period of confusion.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants generally agree on the steps taken in the derivation, with one participant confirming the correctness of another's calculations. However, there is no explicit consensus on the broader implications or interpretations of the derivation itself.

Contextual Notes

The discussion includes assumptions about the definitions of vectors and their derivatives, which may not be fully articulated. There is also an implicit reliance on the properties of cross products and scalar multiplication that may require further clarification.

knockout_artist
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Hi,

I need help with the following equations.

n = r/r (unit vector in r direction)


v =d r/dt = dr/dt n + r dn/dt



L = r X (mv) = mr^2 [n X (dn/dt)]

how did this
mr^2 [n X (dn/dt)]
came about?

I would expect some thing from
r X (mv)
to this
m (v X r)
 
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Start from ##\mathbf{L} = \mathbf{r} \times m \mathbf{v}## and substitute for ##\mathbf{r}## and ##\mathbf{v}## their values expressed in terms of ##\mathbf{\hat{n}}##.
 
n = r/r
r=rn

v = r

L = r X mv

v =d r/dt = dr/dt n + r dn/dt
L = m . rn X[ dr/dt n + r dn/dt ]
= m [rn X dr/dt n + rn X r dn/dt]
(red disappear since in same direction)

= m [rn X rdn/dt]

is this right?
 
Correct. And you can take out the ##r^2## from the bracket as it is a scalar.
 
ohh

took me 1 year to figure that our. :)
 

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