Velocity of car after 180 degree turn

AI Thread Summary
The discussion centers on calculating the change in velocity of a car that turns 180 degrees, initially traveling east at 60 km/h and then west at the same speed. Participants clarify that velocity is a vector, meaning both magnitude and direction must be considered, leading to a change in velocity of 120 km/h west, not zero. The importance of using a sign convention, where east is positive and west is negative, is emphasized for clarity in calculations. The formula for change in velocity is discussed, highlighting the need to subtract the initial velocity from the final velocity. Overall, understanding vector subtraction and direction is crucial for solving such problems accurately.
ujellytek
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Imagine a car is traveling east 60km/h, then after leaving the curve it's velocity is 60km/h west, what's it's change in velocity?
 
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What do you think?
 
Doc Al said:
What do you think?
I thought it was 0km/h but it was marked wrong, I just want to understand why.
 
ujellytek said:
I thought it was 0km/h but it was marked wrong, I just want to understand why.
Recall that velocity is a vector: direction matters. (If they had asked for the change in speed, then that would be zero.)
 
Doc Al said:
Recall that velocity is a vector: direction matters. (If they had asked for the change in speed, then that would be zero.)
Can you explain how to solve this?
 
Choose a sign convention. Let's say east is positive and west is negative.

Given that, what would be the initial and final velocities, including their sign?
 
Doc Al said:
Choose a sign convention. Let's say east is positive and west is negative.

Given that, what would be the initial and final velocities, including their sign?
v1=60 km/h [E] v2=60 km/h [W] ? *delta*v=??
 
ujellytek said:
v1=60 km/h [E] v2=60 km/h [W] ? *delta*v=??
Instead of E & W, use + and -.

v1 = + 60 km/h
v2 = ?
 
Doc Al said:
Instead of E & W, use + and -.

v1 = + 60 km/h
v2 = ?
I have no idea what to do
 
  • #10
ujellytek said:
I have no idea what to do
If the initial velocity (to the east) is + 60, what must the final velocity (to the west) be?
 
  • #11
Doc Al said:
If the initial velocity (to the east) is + 60, what must the final velocity (to the west) be?
-120, thanks I get it now
 
  • #12
ujellytek said:
-120, thanks I get it now
Good. The change in velocity is 120 km/h to the west.
 
  • #13
Just a follow up comment on this, it is always a good idea to use vectors. While + and - works for this problem where the velocities are along the same line, using vectors is a better and more general way to solve it.

The question asks for the difference or change in velocity. One must subtract the initial velocity from the final velocity to determine the change in velocity:
##\vec{\Delta{v}} = \vec{v_f} - \vec{v_i}##

If, like me, you find vector subtraction to be a bit confusing, you can easily turn it into a vector addition equation:
##\vec{v_f} = \vec{v_i} + \vec{\Delta{v}}##

You want to find ##\vec {\Delta{v}}##. If you draw ##\vec{v_f} \text{ and } \vec{v_i}## tail to tail and then ask your self "what vector added to the initial velocity vector (ie. its tail touching the arrow of the initial velocity vector) results in the final velocity vector?" (ie. its arrow touches the arrow of the final velocity vector) you will have your answer. Since the change in velocity is a vector you must specify its direction as well as its magnitude (ie. its length which represents speed).

AM
 
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Likes Doc Al
  • #14
With vector problems, ALWAYS draw the triangle or whatever figure.
 
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