What are Skeletal Formulas in Chemistry and Biochemistry?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the concept of skeletal formulas in chemistry and biochemistry, specifically focusing on their representation, structure, and the meaning of hexagonal shapes in molecular diagrams. Participants explore the implications of these structures, including the representation of atoms and bonds, as well as related concepts in atomic theory.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Conceptual clarification
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants assert that the joints in hexagonal structures represent atoms bonded to one another, typically carbon atoms, while hydrogen atoms are implied based on the number of bonds.
  • There is a discussion about the nature of the bonds in aromatic systems, where some participants note that all bonds are identical and not strictly single or double.
  • One participant suggests that these structures are referred to as "line structures" and identifies the types of atoms present in a specific molecule, including carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and chlorine.
  • Questions arise regarding the definition of "kind of an atom," with some participants mentioning the number of elements and isotopes currently known.
  • There is a challenge to the understanding of subatomic particles, with a participant questioning the classification of charge types and the nature of particles beyond protons, neutrons, and electrons.
  • One participant compares understanding skeletal formulas to interpreting a complex diagram, emphasizing the need to learn the rules and logic behind the representations.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express various viewpoints on the interpretation of skeletal formulas and the nature of atoms and bonds, indicating that multiple competing views remain. The discussion does not reach a consensus on several points, particularly regarding definitions and classifications in atomic theory.

Contextual Notes

Some statements reflect assumptions about the representation of atoms and bonds in skeletal formulas, while others highlight the complexity of atomic definitions and classifications, which may depend on context and interpretation.

SootAndGrime
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What do these hexagonal shapes in chemistry and biochemistry mean?

I believe they are called "skeletal formulas" but how are they written, and how do they work?

[PLAIN]http://www.beatingaddiction.com/img/addictions/l-4038-e593256abe47451acdc9e8be36e78c18.png

Does each of the joints in these hexagonal structures represent an atom bonded to another atom?
 
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SootAndGrime said:
What do these hexagonal shapes in chemistry and biochemistry mean?

I believe they are called "skeletal formulas" but how are they written, and how do they work?

[PLAIN]http://www.beatingaddiction.com/img/addictions/l-4038-e593256abe47451acdc9e8be36e78c18.png

Does each of the joints in these hexagonal structures represent an atom bonded to another atom?

I guess they are called " radicals "

and the straight lines denote number of bonds in between the singular elements where 1 line is for 2 electrons shared and (n) lines for (2n)electrons shared.
 
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SootAndGrime said:
Does each of the joints in these hexagonal structures represent an atom bonded to another atom?

Each node is an atom. Carbon atom, if not marked otherwise. Structure doesn't contain information about hydrogen atoms, they are assumed to be present in all places where there are unused bonds (carbon atom always have four bonds, whenever you see less, that means some hydrogen atoms are attached). Hexagonal structure drawn with three double bonds and three single bonds is an aromatic system, in such a system all bonds are identical and they are neither single nor double.

stallionx said:
I guess they are called " radicals "

Radicals are something completely different.

For the record, substance on the image is http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etacrynic_acid
 
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Borek said:
Each node is an atom. Carbon atom, if not marked otherwise. Structure doesn't contain information about hydrogen atoms, they are assumed to be present in all places where there are unused bonds (carbon atom always have four bonds, whenever you see less, that means some hydrogen atoms are attached). Hexagonal structure drawn with three double bonds and three single bonds is an aromatic system, in such a system all bonds are identical and they are neither single nor double.



Radicals are something completely different.

For the record, substance on the image is http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etacrynic_acid

Carbon, hydrogen, How many different kinds of atoms are there?
 
They're called line structures. In this particular molecule, there are carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and chlorine atoms.
 


SootAndGrime said:
Carbon, hydrogen, How many different kinds of atoms are there?

Define "kind of an atom". Elements? Around 117 at the moment. Isotopes? Many times more.
 


Borek said:
Define "kind of an atom". Elements? Around 117 at the moment. Isotopes? Many times more.

What defines an atom as a certain type or element? What is the difference between a chlorine atom and a hydrogen atom?

Is it true that there are only thee different types of subatomic particles. Protons, neutrons, and electrons? Atoms can only have a positive, negative, or neutral charge?
 
SootAndGrime said:
What defines an atom as a certain type or element? What is the difference between a chlorine atom and a hydrogen atom?

Have it ever occurred to you that instead of asking zillions of questions and hoping to be spoonfeed you can look for answers on your own?

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atom

Is it true that there are only thee different types of subatomic particles. Protons, neutrons, and electrons?

No.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subatomic_particle

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elementary_particles

Atoms can only have a positive, negative, or neutral charge?

Have you heard about different kinds of charge?
 
SootAndGrime said:
What do these hexagonal shapes in chemistry and biochemistry mean?

I believe they are called "skeletal formulas" but how are they written, and how do they work?

[PLAIN]http://www.beatingaddiction.com/img/addictions/l-4038-e593256abe47451acdc9e8be36e78c18.png

Does each of the joints in these hexagonal structures represent an atom bonded to another atom?

It's a bit like asking, "What are all those X's and O's on the football coach's whiteboard? How are they written and how do they work?"

They stand for things, their position relative to all the other symbols has a meaning beyond their simple placement. There are rules to learn and logic of the relationships as well.

Waaaaay too much to go into beyond a simple, "where the lines meet you have a carbon atom..." you see.
 
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