What Are the Best Methods for Building a Horizontal Projectile Launcher?

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on building a horizontal projectile launcher for educational purposes, specifically exploring various propulsion mechanisms. The user initially experimented with a Gauss rifle but achieved insufficient horizontal velocity. Alternatives such as pressurized air systems, similar to spud guns, and spring or rubber band-driven crossbows were suggested. The user shared a previous experience with a coil spring launcher that utilized a copper tube and an electromagnet, highlighting the challenges of achieving straight shots.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of basic physics principles related to projectile motion
  • Familiarity with propulsion mechanisms, specifically pressurized air and spring systems
  • Knowledge of electrical circuits for integrating electromagnets
  • Experience with DIY construction techniques for building launchers
NEXT STEPS
  • Research designs for pressurized air projectile launchers
  • Explore tutorials on building spring-powered crossbows
  • Investigate the physics of projectile motion to improve accuracy
  • Learn about safety measures when working with propulsion systems
USEFUL FOR

This discussion is beneficial for physics educators, hobbyists interested in DIY projectile launchers, and students looking to understand the principles of motion and propulsion in a practical context.

blerb795
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I need to build a completely horizontal projectile launcher for my physics class. I started experimenting with a Gauss rifle, but the horizontal velocity was hardly even 1m/s, even with strong magnets. I'm looking into a few other propulsion mechanisms, such as pressurized air (like a spud gun) or some sort of spring/rubber band driven crossbow, but I was trying to see if I could get any more suggestions or tutorials on projectile launchers. The projectile can really be anything, but something along the lines of a steel ball bearing would be ideal.

And no, I'd rather not take the risks of building a coilgun ;P

Thanks for the help!
 
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I built one of those years ago. I used a half inch copper tube with a wooden dowel fitting inside. A pair of coil springs salvaged from a long-necked adjustable lamp pulled the dowel into the tube, pushing the ball bearing.

A nail on the end of a wire was used to release the springs and at the same time open an electric circuit to an electromagnet holding a light bulb half way across the classroom at the same height as the gun. It worked very well vertically but the ball often missed the light bulb to one side or the other. The gun did not shoot straight. However, a few misses stretched out the moment and a good time was had by all. The most memorable moment occurred when the principal opened the door just as the ball was shot straight at him. It hit the floor well before hitting him and rolled out the door as he came in. This was high excitement in grade 11!

The instant I got a hit, I shouted, "The vertical and horizontal motions are independent so I can't miss!" and the students seemed to remember it.
 

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