What causes charge to only reside on the surface of a hollow metal sphere?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion centers on the phenomenon of electric charge distribution on a hollow metal sphere, specifically why charge resides only on the surface. It explores theoretical aspects, including the implications of equilibrium and electric fields within the sphere.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory, Technical explanation, Conceptual clarification

Main Points Raised

  • One participant questions the reason for charge residing on the surface of a hollow metal sphere.
  • Another participant inquires about the electric field inside the shell of the sphere when it is in equilibrium.
  • A participant suggests using Gauss' law to derive the answer to the charge distribution question.
  • Another participant prompts consideration of the behavior of equal charges when brought close together.
  • A later reply describes the "skin effect," noting that mutual repulsion among electrons causes them to move towards the outer region of the metal, and mentions that this phenomenon is not limited to spheres but can also occur in solid wires.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express various viewpoints on the charge distribution and the underlying principles, but no consensus is reached regarding the explanation or implications of the electric field inside the sphere.

Contextual Notes

The discussion does not resolve the assumptions regarding the conditions under which the charge distribution is analyzed, nor does it clarify the mathematical steps involved in applying Gauss' law.

G.Chandra
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Why does charge given to a hollow metal sphere reside only on its surface?
 
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G.Chandra said:
Why does charge given to a hollow metal sphere reside only on its surface?
If the sphere is in equilibrium, what can you say about the electric field inside the 'shell' (not the cavity) of the sphere?
 
sry misunderstood ur question
 
G.Chandra said:
Why does charge given to a hollow metal sphere reside only on its surface?

use gauss' law to get the answer...
 
Think about what (equal) charges do when you bring them close together.
 
Exactly, this is called the "skin-effect", as the electrons' mutual repulsion will move them away from each other and thus towards the most outer region of the metal.
A sphere is not necessary; this can easily occur in solid wires.
 

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