What Happens Behind a Dam Wall?

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The discussion focuses on the mechanics of dam construction and the energy dynamics involved. It highlights how potential energy from a river is converted to kinetic energy as water accumulates behind a dam, emphasizing the importance of height differences for energy harvesting. The conversation also touches on the necessity of having suitable valley walls to contain the water and the significance of the dam's design for effective water flow to turbines. Participants note that while the basic principles are understood, more detailed mechanisms, such as water piping to turbines, are often overlooked. Overall, the thread underscores the complexity of dam functionality beyond just the visible structure.
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All online resource as well as schools talk briefly about dams and it's working but everything is taught about the END part of the dam...that great tall wall, no one cares about what happens at the back...and that's exactly what I want to know.

I assert this might be happening -

A river comes form up to down, while it's at it's early stages (or when it's at a higher altitude), it has a high potential energy relative to it's mid phase (which's at a lower altitude); at it's mid phases this potential energy is converted to kinetic which gives a usual river maximum swiftness at this phase; most of this energy gets lost in the form of collisions of water with rocks and stuff, as a consequence the lower phases of the river is slow.
We can harvest this potential energy through the height difference -

attachment.php?attachmentid=22165&stc=1&d=1259610824.jpg


The arrows in the above diagram show the direction of flow of fluids of a typical river on the ground by virtue of height difference...the gray block acts as a barrier such that it results in accumulation of water. The accumulation of water along the barrier will increase the potential energy of water to such a level as if the river was at an earlier stage; if this water is made to release towards the lower part of the block, it will contain lot's of kinetic energy cause of the high height of the water accumulation; this energy is harvested for various purposes and this arrangement is called a dam.
Of course, we will need another 2 set of walls to confine the fluid and make it attain such a height -

attachment.php?attachmentid=22166&stc=1&d=1259610824.jpg


This 3-d image above is the same as the 2-d image; the gray block is the wall of the dam, the brown plane is the ground, and it has water (blue) flowing which's getting accumulated along the block...the other 2 walls which have been referred previously are a part of the valley which have been shown as green; thus the preferred place to grow a dam is between walls of a valley...also notice that the height drop of the river is within the valley, if there's no height drop at any place in the valley, the whole valley is unsuitable for dam construction.Am I right about whatever I've written here?
 

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Right about what? I don't see a question anywhere...

CS
 
stewartcs said:
Right about what? I don't see a question anywhere...

CS

Do agree with the above explanation?
 
dE_logics said:
Do agree with the above explanation?

Explanation of what? Yep, dams need sides. That's why steep sided canyons are commonly used. Of course not just any canyon will do. They need to be either water tight or at least sealable in someway. You have totally neglected the most interesting mechanisms, that is just how they pipe the water to the turbines.
 
...Also, the only relevant aspect of bottom geometry is the height difference between inlet and outlet of the reservoir. As long as the reservoir has sides and the bottom at one end is deeper than at the other, other geometry considerations are pretty much irrelevant.
 
Integral said:
Explanation of what? Yep, dams need sides. That's why steep sided canyons are commonly used. Of course not just any canyon will do. They need to be either water tight or at least sealable in someway. You have totally neglected the most interesting mechanisms, that is just how they pipe the water to the turbines.

That's cause I only got the explanation of this part in all the sources.


Ok then, I got my answer...thanks.
 
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