What happens when two EM waves collide on matter?

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the interaction of electromagnetic (EM) waves with matter, specifically the superposition of two EM waves of the same frequency impacting an electron or atom. It concludes that while both waves impart energy, their energies do not combine to achieve ionization unless a significantly higher number of photons, approximately 20, are involved, as seen in high-intensity laser applications. The concept of two-photon microscopy is mentioned as a practical application of this principle. Additionally, the role of electric and magnetic dipole moments in relation to EM waves is queried.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of electromagnetic wave theory
  • Familiarity with ionization energy and photon interactions
  • Knowledge of two-photon microscopy techniques
  • Basic concepts of electric and magnetic dipole moments
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the principles of two-photon microscopy
  • Explore the role of high-intensity lasers in ionization processes
  • Study the effects of Rayleigh and Thomson scattering on EM waves
  • Investigate the relationship between dipole moments and electromagnetic fields
USEFUL FOR

This discussion is beneficial for physicists, optical engineers, and researchers interested in the interactions of electromagnetic waves with matter, particularly in the context of ionization and advanced microscopy techniques.

toneboy1
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I was wondering, if two EM waves of the same freq could add via superposition ON THE SAME ELECTRON or atom (at the same time) to become ionizing? For argument's sake say if each wave was just below UV

I remember E = hf, which would indicate no, I don't see how the energy would not add (thinking of mechanical waves).

THANKS!
 
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With high-intensity lasers, it is possible to do this - something like up to ~20 photons can be used to ionize a particle. Unfortunately, I do not remember the speaker of the talk where I heard about that, so I cannot give you a reference here. However, two-photon microscopy uses the same idea with 2 photons.
 
mfb said:
With high-intensity lasers, it is possible to do this - something like up to ~20 photons can be used to ionize a particle. Unfortunately, I do not remember the speaker of the talk where I heard about that, so I cannot give you a reference here. However, two-photon microscopy uses the same idea with 2 photons.

Interesting article. I had in mind two random EM waves coming together by chance but I suppose that would almost be impossibly unlikely. Moreover as to become ionising you would need like "20 photons".

By chance, do you happen to know if things like dipole moments are caused by the B part of an EM wave, or just the E half (portion) of the wave?
 
Two photons from different beams would be possible, too, just more difficult to achieve.

By chance, do you happen to know if things like dipole moments are caused by the B part of an EM wave, or just the E half (portion) of the wave?
Induced electric dipole moments? Induced magnetic dipole moments? ;)
 
mfb said:
Two photons from different beams would be possible, too, just more difficult to achieve.


Induced electric dipole moments? Induced magnetic dipole moments? ;)

Quite so.
 

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