What is the acceleration of a 20kg pail being pulled upward with 300N force?

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The problem involves calculating the acceleration of a 20kg pail being pulled upward with a force of 300N, considering gravitational force. The gravitational force acting on the pail is 200N, leading to a net force of 100N when the upward force is applied. Using Newton's second law, the acceleration is calculated as 5m/s². There is a discrepancy with the book's answer of 2m/s², which is believed to be a typographical error. The calculations confirm that the correct acceleration, accounting for gravity, is indeed 5m/s².
celect
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Problem:
What is the acceleration of a 20kg pail of cement that is pulled upward (not sideways)
with a force of 300N.
let g= 10m/s^2

Answer:
20kg*10m/s^2 = 200N
a = (300N-200N)/20kg
a = 5m/s^2

The book gives me the answer as 2m/s^2...

did I miss something? I believe this to be a type o in the book.
 
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Your answer is correct. You could also have calculated that

The acceleration, neglecting gravity would be ma= 20kg a= 300N so a= 15 m/s2 and, since g= -10 m/s2 the acceleration, after taking gravity into account is 15-10= 5 m/s2.
 
Yea prolly a typo
 
The book claims the answer is that all the magnitudes are the same because "the gravitational force on the penguin is the same". I'm having trouble understanding this. I thought the buoyant force was equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Weight depends on mass which depends on density. Therefore, due to the differing densities the buoyant force will be different in each case? Is this incorrect?

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