What is the Current Generated by a Single Electron in Uniform Circular Motion?

Click For Summary
SUMMARY

A single electron in uniform circular motion generates an average current, calculated using the formula I = (eω)/(2π). For an electron with a charge of 1.602 x 10-19 C moving at an angular speed of 2 x 1016 rad/s, the resulting current is 5.1 x 10-4 A, directed counterclockwise. The radius of the circular path, given as 5 nm, does not affect the current calculation in this context. The discussion emphasizes the importance of including direction in current calculations.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of basic electromagnetism concepts
  • Familiarity with angular motion and angular speed
  • Knowledge of the charge of an electron (1.602 x 10-19 C)
  • Ability to perform calculations involving radians and circular motion
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the relationship between charge, current, and time in electromagnetism
  • Learn about the implications of electron motion in magnetic fields
  • Explore the concept of angular momentum in circular motion
  • Investigate the effects of varying radius on current generation in charged particles
USEFUL FOR

Students and professionals in physics, particularly those focusing on electromagnetism and particle motion, as well as educators seeking to clarify concepts related to current generated by moving charges.

tony873004
Science Advisor
Gold Member
Messages
1,753
Reaction score
143
A single electron in uniform circular motion constitutes an average current around the circle. If the electron moves clockwise with angular speed in a circle of radius r, find the current. Evaluate I if [tex]\omega=2X10^{16}[/tex] rad/s and r = 5 nm.

I never used radius r in my answer. This book usually doesn't thrown in irrelavant information in the questions. Did I do this right?

[tex]\begin{array}{l}<br /> I = \left| {\frac{Q}{t}} \right| \\ <br /> \\ <br /> t = \frac{d}{v} = \frac{{2\pi }}{\omega } \\ <br /> \\ <br /> I = \left| {\frac{Q}{{\left( {\frac{{2\pi }}{\omega }} \right)}}} \right| = \left| {\frac{{Q\omega }}{{2\pi }}} \right| = \left| {\frac{{ - e\omega }}{{2\pi }}} \right| = \frac{{e\omega }}{{2\pi }} \\ <br /> \\ <br /> \frac{{1.602 \times 10^{ - 19} {\rm{C}} \times 2 \times 10^{16} {\rm{rad/s}}}}{{2\pi }} = 5.1 \times 10^{ - 4} {\rm{C/s = }}5.1 \times 10^{ - 4} {\rm{A}} \\ <br /> \end{array}[/tex]

 
Physics news on Phys.org
Right. The current would be in the CCW direction. (I haven't checked the arithmetical calculation.)
 
Thanks for verifying that, and reminding me to include direction.
 

Similar threads

Replies
3
Views
1K
  • · Replies 4 ·
Replies
4
Views
2K
  • · Replies 17 ·
Replies
17
Views
2K
Replies
31
Views
2K
  • · Replies 3 ·
Replies
3
Views
1K
  • · Replies 3 ·
Replies
3
Views
2K
Replies
14
Views
2K
Replies
2
Views
1K
  • · Replies 12 ·
Replies
12
Views
1K
Replies
6
Views
1K