What is the meaning of ΔΔCt in quantitative PCR and how is it calculated?

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SUMMARY

ΔΔCt, or delta-delta cycle threshold, is a quantitative PCR metric used to compare the expression levels of a target gene between different samples. It is calculated by taking the difference between the Ct values of the target gene and a reference gene, and then comparing these differences across samples. The formula 2^-ΔΔCt is used to estimate relative gene expression, assuming a PCR efficiency of 100%. Understanding this calculation is crucial for accurate interpretation of quantitative PCR results.

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Researchers in molecular biology, laboratory technicians performing quantitative PCR, and anyone involved in gene expression studies will benefit from this discussion.

Bio-student
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I'm a little confused about what the ΔΔCt value means and how its calculated - could anyone verify?

Also, I'm reading lecture notes that say "2^ΔΔCt assumes efficiency is 100%". I'm really baffled by this and would appreciate any guidance.
 
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