What is the partial pressure of ammonia at equilibrium?

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SUMMARY

The equilibrium constant for the decomposition of ammonia gas is Kp = 5.9 x 109, indicating that the reaction favors the formation of nitrogen and hydrogen. Given the initial partial pressures of nitrogen and hydrogen at 2.7 atm, it is concluded that the partial pressure of ammonia at equilibrium is approximately 5.4 atm. The problem highlights the importance of correctly interpreting equilibrium conditions and the limitations of the ideal gas law under varying temperature and pressure conditions.

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  • Understanding of chemical equilibrium and the concept of Kp
  • Familiarity with ICE tables for equilibrium calculations
  • Knowledge of the ideal gas law and its limitations
  • Basic concepts of partial pressure in gas mixtures
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  • Study the derivation and application of the equilibrium constant Kp in chemical reactions
  • Learn how to construct and analyze ICE tables for various equilibrium scenarios
  • Explore the limitations and corrections of the ideal gas law under non-ideal conditions
  • Investigate the effects of temperature and pressure on gas behavior and equilibrium
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Homework Statement



Ammonia gas decomposes to nitrogen and hydrogen spontaneously with an equilibrium constant, Kp = 5.9 x 109. Calculate the partial pressure of ammonia at equilibrium given that the partial pressure of nitrogen and hydrogen are both 2.7 atm initially.

[Hint: If you need to use anything more than a second order equation you are on the wrong track]

2.The attempt at a solution

I tried constructing an ICE table, but it ends up being a 3rd degree equation.
 
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Kp is so high you can safely assume (almost) everything decomposed.
 
Sorry, this problem makes no sense. Ptot = Pn+Ph+Pa at all times, right? You are given that Ph=Pn=2.7 initially. What does this mean? That Pa = 0?, = 0.00001?, = 2.7?, = 100000? There is NO way to determine what the total pressure is at ANY time, unless you know something more than what is given. So, I suppose who ever wrote this meant AT EQUILIBRIUM rather than "initially". Then its simple.
Oh, I should also note (although you need to ignore this and pretend the ideal gas law is perfect) that the IDL is generally correct to between 0.5% and 7% with some outliers at 15% depending on how low the temperature is and how high the pressure is (and how close you are to any critical point). Why is the relevant? Well we know for sure that the pressure is about 5.4 atm (even if we assume Pa is 0, initially (which is another way to solve it, and is probably as valid as assuming the author screwed up by using "initially" - for brownie points solve it both ways. :) )
Anyway, 0.5% of 5 atm is 0.025 atm - meaning that the calculated Pa isn't going to be anywhere CLOSE to the actual Pa. a=ammonia, h = hydrogen, and n = nitrogen - I assume you get that.
 
Last edited:

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