What is the value of b for a damped harmonic oscillator with given parameters?

It is the period of the exponentially decaying envelope of the oscillation.In summary, a damped harmonic oscillator with a block of mass 2.72 kg, spring constant 10.3 N/m, and damping force -bv oscillates with an initial amplitude of 28.5 cm. After 7 oscillations, the amplitude decreases to 0.721 times its initial value. To find the damping coefficient b, we can use the equation T=2π(m/k)^0.5, where T is the period of the exponentially decaying envelope of the oscillation. To find the energy lost during these 7 oscillations, we can use the equation (2m*ln(x))/(T*oscillations
  • #1
Jrlinton
134
1

Homework Statement


A damped harmonic oscillator consists of a block (m = 2.72 kg), a spring (k = 10.3 N/m), and a damping force (F = -bv). Initially, it oscillates with an amplitude of 28.5 cm; because of the damping, the amplitude falls to 0.721 of the initial value at the completion of 7 oscillations. (a) What is the value of b? (Hint: Assume that b2 << km.) (b) How much energy has been lost during these 7 oscillations?

Homework Equations

The Attempt at a Solution


so first to find the period
T=2pi(m/k)^0.5
=2pi(2.72kg/10.3N/m)^0.5
=3.23 seconds
I know that this will be used in finding b, along with the mass, but I am clueless where to go from here. Part b was much easier to figure out with the energy lost being 0.2 J
 
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  • #2
I know the equation is (2m*ln(x))/(T*oscillations). Is the ln(x)=ln(1/%of energy retained)?
 
  • #3
Jrlinton said:

The Attempt at a Solution


so first to find the period
T=2pi(m/k)^0.5
That is not the period of the oscillations. (It would be if b=0).
 

1. What is a damped harmonic oscillator?

A damped harmonic oscillator is a type of oscillating system where the motion of the system is characterized by a restoring force that is proportional to the displacement of the system from its equilibrium position, and a damping force that opposes the motion and reduces its amplitude over time.

2. What causes damping in a harmonic oscillator?

Damping in a harmonic oscillator is caused by external factors such as friction, air resistance, and other dissipative forces that act on the oscillating system. These forces dissipate energy from the system, causing the amplitude of the oscillations to decrease over time.

3. How is damping measured in a harmonic oscillator?

Damping in a harmonic oscillator is typically measured using a parameter known as the damping coefficient, which is a measure of the rate at which the amplitude of oscillations decreases over time. This coefficient can be calculated by comparing the amplitude of oscillations at different points in time.

4. What is the relationship between damping and frequency in a harmonic oscillator?

In a damped harmonic oscillator, the damping force is proportional to the velocity of the oscillating system, which in turn is related to the frequency of the oscillations. As the damping force increases, the frequency of the oscillations decreases, resulting in a slower rate of oscillation.

5. How does damping affect the behavior of a harmonic oscillator?

Damping can significantly impact the behavior of a harmonic oscillator. In a system with high damping, the oscillations will quickly decrease in amplitude and the system will reach its equilibrium position faster. In contrast, a system with low damping will exhibit more pronounced oscillations and take longer to reach equilibrium.

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