What Is the Volume of Dry Hydrogen Gas at STP?

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SUMMARY

The volume of dry hydrogen gas at standard temperature and pressure (STP) can be calculated using the formula P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2. In this discussion, a 32.0 mL sample of hydrogen collected at 20°C and 750.0 torr was adjusted for water vapor pressure, resulting in a dry pressure of 732.5 torr. The calculated volume at STP (0°C and 760 torr) is 31.3 mL, but the answer key indicates 28.7 mL, highlighting a common confusion between STP and standard ambient temperature and pressure (SATP), which is 25°C.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of gas laws, specifically the ideal gas law.
  • Knowledge of vapor pressure calculations, particularly for water at different temperatures.
  • Familiarity with standard temperature and pressure (STP) definitions.
  • Basic algebra for manipulating equations involving pressure, volume, and temperature.
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the differences between STP and SATP, including their applications in scientific calculations.
  • Learn about the vapor pressure of water at various temperatures and its impact on gas volume calculations.
  • Explore the ideal gas law and its applications in real-world scenarios.
  • Practice solving gas law problems using different conditions and variables.
USEFUL FOR

Chemistry students, educators, and professionals involved in gas law calculations and thermodynamics will benefit from this discussion.

gurerd
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Homework Statement


A 32.0 mL sample of hydrogen is collected over water at 20°C and 750.0 torr pressure. What is the volume of the dry gas at STP? (vapor pressure of water at 20°C = 17.5 torr)


Homework Equations



Ptot = Pdry + Pwet

P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2

The Attempt at a Solution



Pdry = Ptot - Pwet = 750 - 17.5 = 732.5 torr

V1 = P2V2T1/P1T2 = (732.5 torr)(32 mL)(298K)/(760 torr)(293 K) = 31.3 mL

The answer in the answer key gives 28.7 mL
 
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What is STP?
 
STP is standard temperature and pressure -- which I used
T = 25.0 °C ( 298 Kelvin) and
P = 1 atm of pressure (760 torr)

Did I use these in the correct variables? Perhaps that is where I am confused?
 
gurerd said:
STP is standard temperature and pressure -- which I used
T = 25.0 °C ( 298 Kelvin) and
P = 1 atm of pressure (760 torr)
That's SATP. STP is T = 0°C.
 
Ah, what a silly mistake. It works out now!

Thanks so much DrClaude! I appreciate your time.
 
gurerd said:
Ah, what a silly mistake. It works out now!
You would be surprised how commen this mistake is. This is probably what SteamKing was alluding to. the main problem is that most thermodynamic is for 298 K, but STP was defined as 273 K.

gurerd said:
Thanks so much DrClaude! I appreciate your time.
You're welcome!
 

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