What materials and devices require manufacturing in a vacuum environment?

Click For Summary

Discussion Overview

The discussion centers around the need for manufacturing materials and devices in a vacuum environment, exploring various applications and specific materials that benefit from such conditions. The scope includes theoretical and practical aspects of manufacturing processes in fields like electronics and materials science.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory, Technical explanation

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants mention that superconductors may require vacuum manufacturing, although this is not elaborated upon.
  • Many integrated circuit (IC) and microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) manufacturing steps utilize a near-vacuum to facilitate material transfer and enable plasma-driven chemical reactions.
  • Vacuum environments are necessary for the melting and casting of refractory alloys, as these materials can absorb harmful gases like oxygen and nitrogen when exposed to air, affecting their properties.
  • Specific processes such as sputtering, evaporation, plasma ashing, reactive ion etching, vacuum casting, and electron beam welding are highlighted as requiring vacuum conditions.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants generally agree that multiple applications and materials require manufacturing in a vacuum, but there is no consensus on the full range of materials or processes involved.

Contextual Notes

Some assumptions about the necessity of vacuum environments for specific materials and processes remain unexamined, and the discussion does not resolve the extent to which vacuum conditions are critical for all mentioned applications.

aquitaine
Messages
30
Reaction score
9
I heard somewhere that some materials and devices need to be manufactured in a vacuum environment. I heard superconductors was one of them, but I'm wondering what else there is?
 
Engineering news on Phys.org
Many integrated circuit (IC) and microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) manufacturing steps use a near-vacuum. It's convenient to have no air in the way if you want to transfer material from a source to the IC silicon wafer (e.g., sputtering, evaporation). A near-vacuum also makes it possible to strike an electrical plasma, which can drive certain desirable chemical reactions (e.g., plasma ashing, reactive ion etching).
 
Melting (for ingot production) of refractory alloys is done in a vacuum, as well as vacuum casting, and electron beam welding.

For refractory alloys like those of Zr, Ti, and others cannot be fabricated in air because they absorb oxygen and nitrogen, which can have a deleterious effect on corrosion and mechanical behavior. In addition, hydrogen cannot be present.
 
So it sounds like quite a few applications require it. Interesting.
 

Similar threads

Replies
5
Views
3K
Replies
2
Views
2K
  • · Replies 26 ·
Replies
26
Views
2K
Replies
2
Views
3K
  • · Replies 2 ·
Replies
2
Views
3K
  • · Replies 9 ·
Replies
9
Views
3K
  • · Replies 32 ·
2
Replies
32
Views
7K
  • · Replies 1 ·
Replies
1
Views
2K
  • · Replies 6 ·
Replies
6
Views
5K
Replies
7
Views
6K