What's the difference between neutral and stable?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion centers around the concepts of "neutral" and "stable" in the context of molecular chemistry, specifically using hydrogen molecules (H2) as an example. Participants explore the definitions and implications of these terms, as well as their relevance to molecular behavior and stability under various conditions.

Discussion Character

  • Conceptual clarification
  • Debate/contested
  • Technical explanation

Main Points Raised

  • One participant states that H2 is neutral because it has an equal number of protons and electrons, while it is stable due to the covalent bond formed between the hydrogen atoms.
  • Another participant agrees that H2 is both neutral and stable.
  • A different participant clarifies that stability refers to the molecule's resistance to spontaneous dissociation, while neutrality pertains to the charge of the compound.
  • A question is posed regarding examples of molecules that are somewhat stable when charged.
  • One participant suggests He2+ as an example, noting it is more stable than He2 under certain conditions.
  • Another participant provides a simple analogy to explain stable and neutral equilibrium using the behavior of a ball in different scenarios.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

There is some agreement that H2 is both neutral and stable, but the discussion reveals differing interpretations of what these terms mean in a chemical context. Multiple viewpoints on the definitions and implications of stability and neutrality remain present.

Contextual Notes

Participants express varying degrees of understanding regarding the definitions of stability and neutrality, and the discussion includes analogies that may not encompass all technical aspects of the concepts.

HCverma
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What's the difference between neutral and stable? As an example of H2. Here two H atoms combine and make an H2 molecule. Now two H atoms are neutral as they have the same number of protons and electrons. So the H2 molecule is neutral. on the other hand. Two H atoms combine through a covalent bond and complete their valence electrons shells. At this condition this molecule is stable. So what to call this H2 molecule neutral or stable?
 
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H2 is both neutral and stable.
 
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In this context, stable means that it does not spontaneously dissociate. That means the bonding energy of H2 is so high (compared to the lowest H2 stable point at given pressure) that the H2 do not dissociate into two hydrogen atoms unless they are put in a severely intense conditions. Neutral is simply a term concerning charge of the compound.

Radicals are often unstable, and they can be radical cation, radical anion, or neutral radical. Of course, many compounds show instability when charged (not neutral) but not always. Stable and neutral are two different description to a compound.
 
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What is an example of a molecule/compound that is somewhat stable when charged?
 
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I am giving a very simple answer without a use of any technical terms. Stable equilibrium - Suppose a ball inside a ring. You displace it by some distance. Then it returns toward the normal or mean position. Unstable equilibrium - Suppose a ball on a sphere, exactly kept above it, and if disturbed it will fall down or will go away from the mean position. Neutral equilibrium - Suppose a ball on the ground at rest, you push it and it will not have any tendency to come back at go away from the mean position, that is it is in equilibrium at every instant.
 
The member who asked the question is on temporary vacation from PF. Some very good answers given. Thanks.

Thread is closed.
 
jim mcnamara said:
The member who asked the question is on temporary vacation from PF. Some very good answers given. Thanks.

Thread is closed.
I can see its still open :wideeyed:
 

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