Where Does Ball Lose Contact on Ramp?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the mechanics of a ball rolling down a smooth ramp that curves upwards, specifically focusing on determining the point at which the ball loses contact with the ramp's surface. The scope includes theoretical considerations, energy conservation, and forces acting on the ball.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Mathematical reasoning

Main Points Raised

  • One participant questions the effect of the normal contact force acting downwards on the ball after it passes point B, suggesting uncertainty about its impact on the point of losing contact.
  • Another participant proposes that the ball will lose contact between points B and A and will follow a parabolic trajectory after losing contact.
  • A third participant introduces a mathematical approach using conservation of energy and centripetal force, suggesting that the angle \alpha can be used to describe the ball's position on a circular path, leading to a derived condition for losing contact based on gravitational forces.
  • This participant concludes that the angle \alpha must be less than 42 degrees for the ball to maintain contact with the ramp.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the method to determine the point of losing contact, with some focusing on energy conservation and others on force analysis. The discussion remains unresolved regarding the exact point of contact loss.

Contextual Notes

The discussion includes assumptions about the absence of friction and the nature of the ramp's curvature, as well as the dependence on the definitions of forces involved. There are unresolved mathematical steps in the derivation of conditions for losing contact.

sfsy1
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A ball is rolled down a smooth ramp, that curls upwards.
Where will the ball lose contact with the surface?

According to the conservation of energy law, the ball is able to reach its original height, which means the ball should stop at A. However, after the ball passes point B, won't the normal contact force be acting downwards on the ball? I'm unsure whether this will affect the point where the ball loses contact.

Also, I've tried using Normal force \leq 0 to determine the position where the ball loses contact, but i don't seem to be getting anywhere.

[PLAIN]http://img15.imageshack.us/img15/4441/17201057.gif

Am I approaching it the correct method by using the normal force, if not what will be more appropriate for this question? Many thanks in advance!


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Assuming no friction then the ball will lose contact somewhere between B and A. It will then follow a parabolic trajectory that will at some point re-collide with the track.

To find where the ball first loses contact you should try to find where the normal (to the curve) component of gravity first exceeds the required centripetal force.
 
Let's suppose that the curved line is a circle of radius R. Use an angle \alpha to describe the position of the ball on the circle, so that the point B is \alpha=0 and point A is \alpha=\pi/2. Conservation of energy says

\frac{v^2}{2}+gR\sin\alpha=gR

(we suppose the ball starts at rest). We derive the centripetal force

\frac{mv^2}{R}=2mg(1-\sin\alpha)

The component of the gratitational force normal to the trajectory is

mg\sin\alpha

Now we write F=ma:

mg\sin\alpha+T=2mg(1-\sin\alpha)

where T is the reaction of the circle on the ball (inwards going). Since T can only be positive, we have

3\sin\alpha<2

That is \alpha < 42 degrees (almost half way between B and A).
 
thanks, very detailed workings.
 

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