Why are Saturn's rings in its equatorial plane?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the mechanisms that cause Saturn's rings to exist predominantly in its equatorial plane. Participants explore various hypotheses regarding the formation and maintenance of these rings, including gravitational effects and orbital mechanics.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants inquire about the specific mechanism that causes small ice and stone particles to orbit in the equatorial plane, suggesting a possible resonance might be involved.
  • One participant proposes that the alignment of the rings could be due to the gravitational effects of Saturn's bulge at the equator, which may cause orbiting objects to gravitate towards the equatorial plane due to tidal effects.
  • Another participant agrees that basic orbital mechanics supports the idea that a non-equatorial orbit would experience oscillating gravitational forces that could lead to a change in orbital inclination towards the plane of the bulge.
  • Multiple references to a detailed paper discussing various theories about the formation and maintenance of Saturn's rings indicate a complexity in understanding these phenomena.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express varying hypotheses regarding the mechanisms involved, indicating that there is no consensus on the exact reasons for the rings' alignment in the equatorial plane.

Contextual Notes

Some assumptions about gravitational effects and orbital mechanics are discussed, but the discussion does not resolve the complexities or dependencies on specific definitions or models.

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TL;DR
What mechanism pulled small ice and stone particles preferentially into orbiting in the equatorial plane of Saturn? Is there a resonance involved? Wikipedia says that there is no consensus. What are some hypotheses?
What mechanism pulled small ice and stone particles preferentially into orbiting in the equatorial plane of Saturn? Is there a resonance involved? Wikipedia says that there is no consensus. What are some hypotheses?
 
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This article cover some theories about the formation of rings https://arxiv.org/abs/0912.3017

What mechanism that pulled objects in, gravity? Why in the equatorial plane? Isn't that just due to spinning objects tend to bulge out at the equator, which makes gravity stronger there so that every orbiting object will eventually end up orbiting that object around the equatorial plane due to tidal effects? This should be a well known and established theory.
 
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Yes, that alignment should follow from basic orbital mechanics. With a bulge and a non-equatorial orbit there is an oscillating gravitational force component perpendicular to the orbital plane that acts to change the orbital inclination towards the plane of the bulge.
 
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drmalawi said:
This article cover some theories about the formation of rings https://arxiv.org/abs/0912.3017

What mechanism that pulled objects in, gravity? Why in the equatorial plane? Isn't that just due to spinning objects tend to bulge out at the equator, which makes gravity stronger there so that every orbiting object will eventually end up orbiting that object around the equatorial plane due to tidal effects? This should be a well known and established theory.
This article cover some theories about the formation of rings https://arxiv.org/abs/0912.3017
This very detailed paper, of 76 pages, discusses different mechanisms for the creation and maintenance of Saturn's many rings. It is amazing how complex planetary astronomy can be. Thanks for referring me to this paper.
 
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