Why can a person cycle more in a day than they can walk or run?

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the significant difference in distance an average person can cycle compared to walking or running, with cycling records reaching up to 900km in 24 hours versus 300km for running. The primary reason for this efficiency lies in the mechanics of cycling, particularly the role of wheels, which minimize friction and allow for conservation of momentum. Unlike walking and running, where energy is expended to lift the center of mass, cycling primarily involves horizontal motion with minimal vertical displacement, leading to greater overall efficiency.

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  • Understanding of basic physics concepts, particularly work and energy.
  • Familiarity with mechanical efficiency and momentum conservation.
  • Knowledge of human biomechanics related to movement.
  • Awareness of cycling mechanics and gear systems.
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  • Research the principles of mechanical efficiency in cycling.
  • Study the biomechanics of human movement, focusing on walking and running.
  • Explore the physics of work and energy, particularly in relation to motion.
  • Investigate advancements in bicycle gear systems and their impact on efficiency.
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This discussion is beneficial for athletes, sports scientists, biomechanics researchers, and anyone interested in optimizing cycling performance compared to other forms of locomotion.

  • #31
A.T. said:
But walking and running also involves lifting the center of mass, even on level ground.
Very little raising and lowering is necessary with the right technique but that technique can be very tiring. russian dance (wait for the ads)
 
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  • #32
sophiecentaur said:
Very little raising and lowering is necessary with the right technique but that technique can be very tiring. russian dance (wait for the ads)
Yes, the straight leg acting as an inverted pendulum raises the CoM in normal walking, but is still more efficient than bending the leg to keep the CoM on constant height, because then muscles need more force to stabilize the bent joints.
 
  • #34
A.T. said:
Yes, the straight leg acting as an inverted pendulum raises the CoM in normal walking, but is still more efficient than bending the leg to keep the CoM on constant height, because then muscles need more force to stabilize the bent joints.
The muscles 'waste' a lot of energy, just holding a load up and doing no actual work on the load. Fibres keep tensing up and relaxing, which uses significant energy just to stay still. A Bike frame uses no energy just staying rigid and the rider is sitting there, doing no work apart from pedalling etc. when necessary. Far more efficient.
There is a certain amount of energy storage in the leg tendons (same for horses too) which gets returned to the system but that's not as good as you get from a wheel.
 

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