Why did Bohr's model work for 1 electron systems?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion centers on the limitations of Bohr's model of the atom, particularly its applicability to one-electron systems versus poly-electron systems. Participants explore the reasons behind the model's success with hydrogen-like atoms and its failure with more complex atomic structures.

Discussion Character

  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested
  • Conceptual clarification

Main Points Raised

  • One participant notes that Bohr's model has three main problems: fixed electron orbits, violation of the Heisenberg uncertainty principle regarding angular momentum, and its restriction to one-electron systems.
  • Another participant suggests that nothing prevents multiple electrons from occupying the same quantum state, prompting a question about the Pauli exclusion principle.
  • A follow-up comment questions the behavior of two negatively charged objects when placed close together, hinting at the complexities of electron interactions.
  • It is mentioned that Bohr's model does not apply to all one-electron systems, citing H2+ as an example.
  • One participant references Arnold Sommerfeld's contributions, which addressed some shortcomings of Bohr's model by introducing elliptic orbits and incorporating relativistic dynamics.
  • Another participant emphasizes that the charge interactions in multi-electron systems are significantly more complicated than in one-electron systems.
  • A side note is made about the historical context of Bohr's work, indicating that the concept of de Broglie wavelengths was not known at the time of his model's publication.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the applicability of Bohr's model, with some agreeing on its limitations for poly-electron systems while others raise questions about its validity for certain one-electron systems. The discussion remains unresolved regarding the full implications of these points.

Contextual Notes

Participants highlight the complexity of charge interactions in multi-electron systems and the historical context of Bohr's model, indicating that certain assumptions and developments in quantum theory were not considered at the time.

mahrap
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If I am not mistaken the Bohr model had 3 main problems: the assumption that the electron moves in fixed orbits, the angular momentum assumption's violation of the Heisenberg uncertainty principle, and finally the restriction of the validity of the model for only 1-electron systems ( i.e. hydrogen, He +1, ect ). Why was it that Bohr's model only worked for 1-electron systems and failed when applied to poly-electron systems? Please be as thorough as possible. Thank you for all your help.
 
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nothing stops multiple electrons from being in the same quantum state.
 
chill_factor said:
nothing stops multiple electrons from being in the same quantum state.

Nothing but Pauli exclusion principle?
 
mahrap said:
failed when applied to poly-electron systems?

What happens when you put two negatively charged object close to each other?
 
Borek said:
Nothing but Pauli exclusion principle?

that is not part of the Bohr theory =)
 
mahrap said:
Why was it that Bohr's model only worked for 1-electron systems and failed when applied to poly-electron systems?

As Borek has already alluded to, the answer is that systems with more than one electron have a much more complicated charge interaction.

As an interesting side note, the context of Bohr's work is misrepresented when it's taught at schools. At the time he published his model (1913) there was no concept of a de Broglie wavelength. The idea of electron orbits as standing waves wasn't introduced until de Broglie published his thesis in 1924.
 
It does not even work for all one electron systems e.g. H2+.
 
Arnold Sommerfeld cured two shortcomings: the plane motion was generalized to elliptic orbits and moreover in agreement with the specially relativistic dynamics.
 

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