Why is (Kinetic friction)= fk≤fs (Static friction) ?

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the relationship between kinetic friction (fk) and static friction (fs), specifically why fk is less than or equal to fs. Participants explain that an energy threshold must be overcome to initiate movement between surfaces, which can be visualized as interlocking ripples on the surfaces. This concept is further supported by the comparison of coefficients of friction, where the coefficient of kinetic friction (μk) is always less than or equal to the coefficient of static friction (μs). The discussion references educational resources, including Khan Academy, to illustrate these principles.

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  • Understanding of frictional forces in physics
  • Familiarity with the concepts of static and kinetic friction
  • Basic knowledge of energy thresholds in physical systems
  • Ability to interpret educational physics resources
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  • Explore the concept of energy thresholds in frictional interactions
  • Study the differences between static and kinetic friction coefficients
  • Investigate the role of surface texture in frictional forces
  • Review educational videos on friction from Khan Academy
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andyrk
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Why is (Kinetic friction)= fk≤fs (Static friction) ? I understood the "equal to" case but how is the "less than" case possible?
Similarly is this related to why is μk≤ μs ?
 
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tolove said:
I looked at that, but unfortunately there's about as much misinformation as worthwhile comments there. And I couldn't find any that match what I've always taken to be the explanation: that there's an energy threshold to be overcome.
Imagine e.g. that the two surfaces are made of materials which, if completely flat, would have no friction at all. But instead of being flat, each consists of parallel ripples. At rest, the two sets of ripples interlock. A small amount of energy needs to be invested in lifting the block over the ripples, but that energy is then available to get it over the next ripple, and so on.
It needn't be physical ripples - it could be some electrostatic bonding, but the concept is the same.
So I did a quick search and found this http://www.khanacademy.org/science/...on-on-static-and-kinetic-friction-comparisons
 
haruspex said:
I looked at that, but unfortunately there's about as much misinformation as worthwhile comments there. And I couldn't find any that match what I've always taken to be the explanation: that there's an energy threshold to be overcome.
Imagine e.g. that the two surfaces are made of materials which, if completely flat, would have no friction at all. But instead of being flat, each consists of parallel ripples. At rest, the two sets of ripples interlock. A small amount of energy needs to be invested in lifting the block over the ripples, but that energy is then available to get it over the next ripple, and so on.
It needn't be physical ripples - it could be some electrostatic bonding, but the concept is the same.
So I did a quick search and found this http://www.khanacademy.org/science/...on-on-static-and-kinetic-friction-comparisons

Very interesting video. Do you have an idea of how accurate his presentation is? He ends it by saying that it's still a subject open to discussion.

Thank you for the link!
 
tolove said:
Do you have an idea of how accurate his presentation is?
Only that it jibes with what I thought up myself.
 
Thanks a lot for the link!
 

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