Why is Rb one of the only things that a BEC can be made from?

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SUMMARY

Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) are primarily created from alkali metals, with rubidium being a prominent choice due to its favorable atomic properties. Atoms with a single valence electron, such as those in the alkali metal group, possess a simple energy level scheme that facilitates laser cooling techniques. Rubidium's transition wavelength of 780 nm aligns well with the availability of diode lasers, making it an optimal candidate for BEC production since the late 1980s. Current advancements in laser technology may influence the feasibility of using other alkali metals for BECs.

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asen7
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I was wondering I have heard scientists recently made bose-einstein condensates from mostly alkali metals.

My question is why? Why can't copper, gold or something else work?
 
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It has been a while since I worked in the laser cooling field. My recollection is that atoms with a single valence electron have a simple energy level scheme that is more conducive to using lasers for controlling their motion (i.e. slowing and trapping the atoms). So basically, hydrogen and the alkali metals.

Rubidium was a good choice in the late 1980's and early 1990's because the transition at 780 nm coincided with diode lasers that were readily available. Not sure what the current state of the art is regarding other alkalis' wavelengths and the easy availability of lasers today.
 

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