Wire in E Field: Will it Deflect?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the behavior of a current-carrying wire in an electric field (E field) and whether it would experience deflection. Participants explore various scenarios, including the effects of voltage across the wire and the implications of moving frames of reference.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Debate/contested
  • Mathematical reasoning

Main Points Raised

  • One participant questions whether a current-carrying wire in an E field would deflect, suggesting that in their moving frame, length contraction would lead to a net E field causing deflection.
  • Another participant proposes that a wire with significant potential difference (P.D.) might experience deflecting forces, particularly if it is suspended delicately to avoid external influences.
  • Some participants discuss the concept of charge separation in the wire, suggesting that the forces on positive and negative charges would cancel each other out, potentially leading to no net deflection.
  • One participant speculates that the positive end of the wire would be attracted towards the negative plate of the E field, while the negative end would be attracted towards the positive plate, possibly causing the wire to rotate.
  • A later reply introduces the idea of torque on an electric dipole in this context.
  • Another participant reflects on the implications of moving with respect to the wire, suggesting that a net E field and a magnetic field (B field) would arise, leading to a Lorentz force that might balance the electric force from the E field.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on whether the wire would deflect in an E field, with some suggesting it would and others arguing it would not. The discussion remains unresolved, with multiple competing perspectives presented.

Contextual Notes

Some assumptions about the conditions under which the wire is suspended, the nature of the electric field, and the effects of moving frames are not fully explored, leaving room for further clarification.

cragar
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If I had a current carrying wire in an E field. Would it deflect? The wire it self just has a B field and no free charge. But If I was moving with respect to the wire I would see length contraction and a net E field. So in my frame the wire would deflect. Or is something wrong with my reasoning?
 
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cragar said:
If I had a current carrying wire in an E field. Would it deflect?
I expect it wouldn't. But let's make it more interesting, and use a length of resistance wire so there is significant potential across the wire. (Make it of carbon and delicately suspend it with elastic quartz fibres to avoid arguments.) Would it experience deflecting forces now with a few hundred volts P.D.?
But If I was moving with respect to the wire I would see length contraction and a net E field. So in my frame the wire would deflect. Or is something wrong with my reasoning?
I can't comment.
 
so if we have a suspended wire with a voltage across it, so There is an E field down the wire, so it is basically like a plate capacitor. So if we have a charge separation in the wire
the +q and -q charged will experience forces in the opposite directions and should cancel.
 
cragar said:
so if we have a suspended wire with a voltage across it, so There is an E field down the wire, so it is basically like a plate capacitor. So if we have a charge separation in the wire
the +q and -q charged will experience forces in the opposite directions and should cancel.
I think the more positive end of the wire will be pushed by the E field (i.e., attracted towards the negative plate) and the negative end of the wire will be attracted by the E field (i.e., attracted towards the positive plate), so the wire will tend to rotate about an axis through its centre.
 
So torque on an Electric dipole.
 
Now that I think more about my original post, an looking at this in the moving frame.
If I move with respect to this wire an I get a net E field from the wire, I will also get a B field from the external E field, and this will cause a Lorentz force F= q(vxB) and this will
probably balance the F=qE from the E field.
 

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