Would this require a Taylor Series Proof

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around proving the inequality abs[ sin (x) - 6x/(6+x^2) ] <= x^5/24 for all x in the interval [0,2]. Participants explore the use of Taylor series expansions for the sine function and the function 6x/(6+x^2) to establish this inequality.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory, Technical explanation, Mathematical reasoning

Main Points Raised

  • One participant suggests using the Taylor series expansion for sin(x) but encounters difficulties in the proof.
  • Another participant provides the Taylor series for sin(x) and proposes a series expansion for 6x/(6+x^2), noting that the coefficients may vary based on the term index n.
  • A subsequent reply combines the two series and approximates the absolute difference, suggesting that the resulting expression is less than or equal to x^2/24.
  • One participant mentions that the error of a monotone alternating series is less than the first omitted term, implying that the derived bound is sufficient.
  • Another participant confirms that the inequality holds, stating abs[ sin (x) - 6x/(6+x^2) ] <= 7x^5/360 < x^5/24.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

While some participants agree on the sufficiency of the derived bound, the discussion includes varying approaches and interpretations of the Taylor series expansions, indicating that multiple views remain on the best method to establish the inequality.

Contextual Notes

The discussion includes assumptions about the convergence and behavior of the Taylor series within the specified interval, which are not fully resolved. There are also unresolved mathematical steps regarding the bounding of the function.

Bachelier
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abs[ sin (x) - 6x/(6+x^2) ] <= x^5/24, for all x in [0,2]

I tried to use the sine function taylor expansion but I get stuck
 
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Hey Bachelier.

What are the taylor series for both sin(x) and 6x/(6 + x^2)?
 
for sine it is:


sin x = x - x^3/3! + x^5/5! - ... + (-1)^(n-1) x^(2n-1)/(2n-1)! + (-1)^n x^(2n+1)/(2n+1)! cos(y)

for a y in [0,2]

and f(x)= (6x /(x^2 + 6)) = x - x^3/6 + x^5/6^2 -x^7/6^3 + x^9/6^4 - x^11/ 6^5 + ... + (-1)^(n-1) x^(2n-1)/6^(n-1) + (-1)^n x^(2n+1)/6^n * f^n(0)

f^n(0) may equal 0 or -,+1 depending on n
 
Ok adding both terms we get:

abs [sin x - (6x /(x^2 + 6))] = |-7x^2/360 + 67/15120 x^7 -...|

≈ 7x^2/360 which is clearly ≤ x^2/24

is this good enough or do I have to bound my function?
 
Last edited:
A monotone alternating series' error is less than the first term omitted.
so yes
abs[ sin (x) - 6x/(6+x^2) ] <=7 x^5/360<x^5/24
 

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