What Triggered the Big Bang and Created Our Universe?

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The discussion highlights that current mainstream physics lacks a definitive explanation for what triggered the Big Bang, leading to the exploration of exotic theories like Ekpyrotic and cyclic universe models. It emphasizes that the Big Bang model describes the universe's expansion rather than an explosive event. There is no consensus on what preceded the Big Bang, and many theories remain unproven due to limitations in experimental capabilities. The early universe is often referred to as a "theorists' playground" due to the speculative nature of current understanding. Ongoing research is essential to uncovering the mysteries surrounding the origins of the universe.
quantum123
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What went bang to start everything?
 
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There isn't anything in currently accepted mainstream physics that describes the process leading up to the "big bang." So, the answer to your question will involve "exotic" theories like Ekpyrotic theory and other forms of the cyclic universe explanations, and others. But the truth is that science can't answer your question today, that why we're still doing research.
 
Sometimes, the phrase "big bang model" makes people think of an explosion, or a "bang," that created the universe. It should be noted, however, that the big bang model does not necessarily mean this, but rather is a model of cosmology that develops such that the universe was smaller in the past and has increased in size from then-- i.e. that the universe is expanding.

As the above poster says, we currently do not know what preceded the "big bang", or what happened in the time immediately proceeding the "big bang," and so cannot possibly say what happened. Many theories have been developed, but cannot and have not yet been proven since there are currently no accelerators that are probing high enough energies to look into the first 10^(- something big) seconds of the universe. Whether such accelerators would help prove the theories is another question, but they would, I imagine, be of some use. Because of this, the very early universe (as in the time before the "Grand Unification Epoch," where all four forces were of equal strengths) is often referred to as a "theorists' playground!"
 
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recombination_(cosmology) Was a matter density right after the decoupling low enough to consider the vacuum as the actual vacuum, and not the medium through which the light propagates with the speed lower than ##({\epsilon_0\mu_0})^{-1/2}##? I'm asking this in context of the calculation of the observable universe radius, where the time integral of the inverse of the scale factor is multiplied by the constant speed of light ##c##.
The formal paper is here. The Rutgers University news has published a story about an image being closely examined at their New Brunswick campus. Here is an excerpt: Computer modeling of the gravitational lens by Keeton and Eid showed that the four visible foreground galaxies causing the gravitational bending couldn’t explain the details of the five-image pattern. Only with the addition of a large, invisible mass, in this case, a dark matter halo, could the model match the observations...
Hi, I’m pretty new to cosmology and I’m trying to get my head around the Big Bang and the potential infinite extent of the universe as a whole. There’s lots of misleading info out there but this forum and a few others have helped me and I just wanted to check I have the right idea. The Big Bang was the creation of space and time. At this instant t=0 space was infinite in size but the scale factor was zero. I’m picturing it (hopefully correctly) like an excel spreadsheet with infinite...

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