Water Rise in Cappilary Tube - Where does the energy come from?

[xCross]

If a small tube (capillary tube) is dipped into the water, the water level rises. Which means someone is doing work on the water to rise it against gravity. My question is, who is doing this work?
My guess is the internal energy of the molecules is doing the work. That also means that temperature decreases slightly when rising the water. Is this the case?

 

[Sum]

This is what i think:
Adhesion forces btn water molecules and the walls of the tube do the work of moving water up.

 

[Hassan2]

This is what i think:
Adhesion forces btn water molecules and the walls of the tube do the work of moving water up.

My guess:
If adhesion forces are kind of electrostatic forces, then the work is done by the electrostatic energy.

 

[chrisbaird]

Yes, its the adhesion force (hydrogen bonding for water). In terms of energy, there is potential energy stored in the broken chemical bond. When the water and tube form a hydrogen bond, the chemical potential energy is released and becomes gravitational potential energy, i.e. the column of water rises. Forming chemical bonds releases potential energy (think explosives), and breaking bonds requires energy. To get a drop of water off a piece of glass, you have put energy in, such as by heating it or pulling it with a dropper.

 

[PJC01]

I can provide an explanation for the phenomenon of water rising in a capillary tube. The energy that allows water to rise in a capillary tube comes from the cohesive forces between water molecules. These cohesive forces, also known as surface tension, are a result of the attraction between water molecules. When the tube is dipped into the water, the water molecules at the surface of the liquid are attracted to the walls of the tube, causing them to rise. This action requires energy, which comes from the cohesion between water molecules.

Additionally, the small diameter of the capillary tube also plays a role in the water rising. The smaller the diameter, the higher the water can rise due to the increased surface tension between the water and the walls of the tube.

In terms of the question of who is doing the work, it can be said that the cohesive forces between water molecules are doing the work. This is because these forces are responsible for pulling the water up against the force of gravity.

Regarding the effect on temperature, there is a slight decrease in temperature when water rises in a capillary tube. This is due to the energy required for the cohesive forces to overcome gravity and pull the water up the tube. However, the decrease in temperature is very small and may not be noticeable in most cases.

In conclusion, the energy that allows water to rise in a capillary tube comes from the cohesive forces between water molecules. This phenomenon is a result of the attraction between water molecules and the walls of the tube, and it requires energy to overcome the force of gravity.