Radius and Pitch of an electron's spiral trajectory

In summary, the question involves an electron entering a uniform magnetic field at an angle of 30.1° above the xy-plane. Using the given values of magnetic field, velocity, and angle, the radius of the electron's spiral trajectory is calculated to be 7.63*10^-4m. The concept of pitch is explained as the distance between points on a helix, and an equation is derived to calculate it. The equation provided in the attempt at a solution should use the actual angle shown in the picture, not 90-30.1.
  • #1
jayayo
13
0

Homework Statement


The uniform 45.6 mT magnetic field in the picture below points in the positive z-direction. An electron enters the region of magnetic field with a speed of 5.29E+6 m/s and at an angle of θ = 30.1° above the xy-plane. Find the radius r and the pitch p of the electron's spiral trajectory. (Enter the radius r first and the pitch p second.)
Picture attached! Please let me know if you can't see it and I'll attempt to try attaching again :D

Where,
B= 45.8mT = 0.0456T
v=5.29*10^6m/s
Θ=30.1
m= 9.11*10^-32kg
q=1.60*10^-19C


2. The attempt at a solution
F=qvBsinΘ=mv^2/R
qBsinΘ=mv/R
R=mv/(qBsinΘ) = (9.11*10^-32kg)(5.29*10^6m/s)/[(1.60*10^-19C)( 0.0456T)*sin(90-30.1)]
=7.63*10-4m

For the second part of the question, could someone please explain to me the concept of pitch and possibly how the equation has been derived (d=vsinΘ*2Pi*m/[qB]), because I have searched google and I don't understand it much other than that it is the measurement of the height that the electron has traveled in one revolution~ Or is this equation something I should just memorize?

Thank you sooo much!
 

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  • #2
It's not something you should need to memorize, it's just the distance between points on a helix.

You should be able to derive the equation you need quite simply if you think a little bit about the components of the electrons velocity.
If it were traveling in a straight line without any magnetic field you have x- and y-componentnets, then a magnetic field is turned on, how are the components effected?

The equation you gave:
d=vsinΘ*2Pi*m/[qB]
isn't completely necessary here you can derive a much simpler equation for it since you already know radius. (hint: or rather, you already know how far the electron will travel in one of its components as it completes a full rotation)

However, if you're really curious about deriving that equation exactly just be careful with your angles. Remember the one you used was 90-30.1, and not the actual angle shown in the picture.
The angle used in that equation you found should be the angle shown in the pic.
 
Last edited:

1. What is the radius of an electron's spiral trajectory?

The radius of an electron's spiral trajectory is determined by its mass, charge, and velocity. It is also affected by external factors such as magnetic fields and electric fields.

2. How is the pitch of an electron's spiral trajectory calculated?

The pitch of an electron's spiral trajectory is calculated by dividing the distance traveled by the number of turns it makes in that distance. It is measured in units of length per turn.

3. Why does an electron follow a spiral trajectory?

An electron follows a spiral trajectory due to the combination of its velocity and the force acting on it. As the electron moves, it experiences a perpendicular force from a magnetic field, causing it to follow a curved path.

4. Can the radius and pitch of an electron's spiral trajectory change?

Yes, the radius and pitch of an electron's spiral trajectory can change depending on factors such as its velocity, the strength of the magnetic field, and the angle of the electron's initial velocity with respect to the magnetic field.

5. How does the radius and pitch of an electron's spiral trajectory affect its motion?

The radius and pitch of an electron's spiral trajectory affect its motion by determining the curvature and shape of its path. They also impact the frequency and amplitude of the electron's oscillations around its trajectory.

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