- #1
smk
- 15
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When light passes in glass, water etc then velocity is reduced and direction changes HOW?
An atom is the smallest unit of matter that retains the properties of an element. It is composed of a nucleus, which contains protons and neutrons, and surrounded by electrons in orbitals.
Solid state refers to the physical state of matter in which particles are closely packed together and have a fixed shape and volume. This state is characterized by strong intermolecular forces between particles.
In liquid and gas states, particles have more freedom of movement and are not as tightly packed as in solid state. Liquids have a fixed volume but not a fixed shape, while gases have neither a fixed volume nor a fixed shape.
Solid state plays a crucial role in materials science as most materials used in technology and everyday life are in solid state. The properties of solids, such as strength, conductivity, and magnetism, can be manipulated and improved for various applications.
The arrangement and bonding of particles in solid state greatly influence the physical and chemical properties of materials. For example, the crystalline structure of a solid can affect its strength and conductivity, while the amorphous structure can affect its transparency and flexibility.