Some pathogenic microorganisms are able to live in our body without causing harm because they have adapted to our body's environment and have developed mechanisms to evade our immune system. They may also compete with other harmful microorganisms for resources, limiting their growth and preventing them from causing disease.
Commensal microorganisms can benefit our body by aiding in digestion, producing essential nutrients such as vitamins, and training our immune system to recognize and respond to harmful microorganisms. They also help to maintain a balance of microorganisms in our body, preventing overgrowth of harmful bacteria.
Yes, commensal microorganisms can become pathogenic if there is a change in their environment or if our immune system becomes compromised. For example, if our body's normal balance of microorganisms is disrupted, commensal bacteria may overgrow and cause infection.
Commensal microorganisms are acquired through various routes, such as during birth, through breast milk, and through contact with our environment. They can also be transferred from other individuals through close contact or by sharing personal items.
While we cannot control the growth of commensal microorganisms directly, we can promote their growth through a healthy lifestyle and diet. Eating a balanced diet, exercising regularly, and avoiding unnecessary antibiotics can help maintain a healthy balance of microorganisms in our body. Additionally, maintaining good personal hygiene practices can prevent the spread of harmful microorganisms and maintain a healthy balance of commensal microorganisms in our body.