Computing Angular Momentum of Particle on a Sphere

Expert summarizerIn summary, to compute the angular momentum (in spherical coordinates) of a particle confined to move on the surface of a frictionless spherical shell in the presence of gravity, you can use the formula L = r x p, where r is the position vector and p is the linear momentum vector. The velocity of the particle can be found by differentiating the spherical coordinates with respect to time and using the tangential component. Remember to use the right-hand rule to determine the direction of the angular momentum vector.
  • #1
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Homework Statement



Consider a particle confined to move inside a frictionless spherical shell on its surface and in the presence of gravity.

compute the angular momentum (in spherical co-ordinates) about the center of the spherical shell

Homework Equations



L=r x p

The Attempt at a Solution



l=m*(x,y,z) x (dx/dt,dy/dt,dz/dt) , i was going to differentiate the spherical coordinates by t and plug it in but stopped because I am pretty sure what I am doing is wrong
 
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Thank you for your question about computing the angular momentum of a particle confined to move inside a frictionless spherical shell on its surface and in the presence of gravity.

The correct formula for calculating angular momentum in spherical coordinates is L = r x p, where r is the position vector and p is the linear momentum vector. In this case, since the particle is confined to move on the surface of the spherical shell, we can use the radius of the shell as the position vector.

To find the linear momentum vector, we can use the equation p = m*v, where m is the mass of the particle and v is its velocity. In this case, the velocity of the particle can be found by differentiating the spherical coordinates with respect to time. However, since the particle is only moving on the surface of the shell, the velocity will only have a tangential component, which can be found using the angular velocity of the particle.

Once you have the position and linear momentum vectors, you can use the cross product to find the angular momentum vector in spherical coordinates. Remember to use the right-hand rule to determine the direction of the angular momentum vector.

I hope this helps you in your calculations. Please let me know if you have any further questions. Good luck!



 

1. What is angular momentum and how is it related to particle motion on a sphere?

Angular momentum is a measure of the rotation of an object around a fixed point. In the case of a particle moving on a sphere, the angular momentum is the product of the particle's mass, velocity, and the distance from the center of the sphere. It is directly related to the particle's motion because it determines the direction and speed of the particle's rotation.

2. How do you calculate the angular momentum of a particle on a sphere?

The formula for calculating the angular momentum of a particle on a sphere is L = mvr, where L is the angular momentum, m is the mass of the particle, v is the velocity of the particle, and r is the distance from the center of the sphere. This formula takes into account both the linear and rotational motion of the particle.

3. What is the difference between angular momentum and linear momentum?

Linear momentum is a measure of the motion of an object in a straight line, while angular momentum is a measure of the rotation of an object around a fixed point. Linear momentum is calculated by multiplying an object's mass by its velocity, while angular momentum is calculated by multiplying an object's mass, velocity, and distance from the center of rotation.

4. How does the angular momentum of a particle on a sphere change with respect to its velocity?

The angular momentum of a particle on a sphere is directly proportional to its velocity. This means that as the particle's velocity increases, its angular momentum also increases. This relationship is expressed in the formula L = mvr, where v is the velocity of the particle.

5. Can the angular momentum of a particle on a sphere be conserved?

Yes, the angular momentum of a particle on a sphere can be conserved if there are no external forces acting on the particle. This is due to the law of conservation of angular momentum, which states that the total angular momentum of a system remains constant unless acted upon by an external torque. In the case of a particle on a sphere, as long as there are no external forces or torques acting on the particle, its angular momentum will remain constant.

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