Creating an artificial selectively permeable membrane is feasible, with dialysis filters and mechanical filters serving as examples of such technology. The discussion emphasizes the importance of defining what the membrane should be selectively permeable to, as this determines the design and materials used. While it is possible to create filters that are selective based on charge, achieving a membrane that is exclusively permeable to specific ions like Na+ is considered unlikely. The concept of osmosis is highlighted as a key function of the desired membrane, and various material options for semi-permeable membranes are referenced for potential project ideas.