Dissociation of Acids & Bases into Ions

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Acids and bases dissociate into ions in water due to the polar nature of water molecules, which enhances the ionic attraction between the polarized water and the solute. This interaction is stronger than the bonds holding the original molecules together, leading to dissociation. According to Arrhenius' definition, acids and bases produce H+ or OH- ions when dissolved in water, meaning that dissociation is inherent to their classification. This principle extends beyond acids and bases to other ionic compounds like NaCl, which also dissociate into their constituent ions in water. The solvent's polarity plays a crucial role in facilitating this process, as it effectively disrupts the ionic bonds present in the solute.
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why do acids and bases dissociate into ions while in water?
 
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It's not just acids and bases...other compounds do it too (ex. NaCl). Look at how they dissociate and which ions are found once they do. Specifically, look at the type of bond between the two ions (hint). What type of solvent is water and how might this play a role?
 
Generally because water molecules are polar. The ionic attraction between the polarized water molecules and the dissolved atoms are stronger than the bonds in the original molecules.
 
This is a little bit putting things on the head. By (Arrhenius) definition acids and bases are substances that dissociate in water producing either H+ or OH-. As dissociation is part of the definition, every substance that we classified as acid or base must be dissociating. In effect answer to the question "why those substances dissociate" is "because we have chosen substances that dissociate".
 

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