# water flow venturi meter problem! Heeeelp please :)

by fcukniles
Tags: flow, heeeelp, meter, venturi, water
 P: 26 Hi, The objects of my experiment where 1) to find out the theoretical and experimental pressures in a venturi tube, 2) To determin the coefficient of discharge for the venturi here is the data i collectec http://cniles0.tripod.com/work020.jpg im having problems with my two objectives, i have i have been playing arround with the following formula's but with no luck, . m = A2 [sqrt (2 x delta p x viscosity)/1-k^2 K=A1/A2 therefore K = 2.63998 . V = 201.1 x sqrt [2 x delta p x 1 (waters viscosity coeffient)]/[1 - 2.64^2] Here is the hand out i got, giving some formula's and it gives cross sectional values for the venturi tube but not sure what do do with these? http://cniles0.tripod.com/venturi_water.doc i have worked out the experimental rh but i dont know how to find out the therotical rh, and im not sure what Cb (show on results table is). thanks for any help ppl Kris
 P: 26 any help would be really apricated thanks
 Sci Advisor P: 1,498 I'm not sure what you are measuring in your experiment....velocity I assume. Here's what I would think you would be doing. You have a given Q (flow rate), and you are looking for coefficient of discharge. Well based on continutity, you know what the flow rate at any point along your tube must be the same. So given the area upstream of the venturi, you can find pressure and velocity using Bernoulli's Equation, and then Q=VA. Now using that last equation, you can see that if flow rate stays constant (which in your case it does), any change in the area will yield a proportional change in the velocity. With your new velocity, plug that back into Bernoulli's Equation to solve for a theoretical pressure. Now take your actual measured velocity and find your actual pressure. Divide these to get your coefficient.
P: 5,095

## water flow venturi meter problem! Heeeelp please :)

 i have worked out the experimental rh but i dont know how to find out the therotical rh, and im not sure what Cb (show on results table is).
I am not quite sure what your question refers to. What is "rh?" What is "Cb?" Do you mean Cd (which is the discharge coefficient)? Also, I am having a lot of troubles reading your results page that you scanned in.

So...let's talk in general.

The theoretical flow through the venturi is given by the equation you have already mentioned:

$$M = A_{2} \sqrt{\frac{2 \Delta P \rho}{1-k^2}}$$

That is the theoretical flow (in a perfect world). With the measurements you have you should be able to calculate both the theoretical and what actually happened. There will be a difference. That difference is the discharge coefficient of the venturi:

$$M_{actual} = M_{theoretical} C_{d}$$

I guess the first big question is do you understand what the data you took is for and where it fits into the venturi equation?
 P: 26 yeh how do i work out the coefficient of discharge? thanks
 Sci Advisor P: 1,498 I think I explained it decently well, but let me try again. Your coefficent of discharge is a fraction that tells you how much flow you will actual get based on theoretical. Qactual = Qtheo*C To get your theoretical flow, you will use a combination of Bernoulli's Equation, and the equation for flow, flow simply being Q=VA. Since you have your areas and initial velocity, finding your theoretical flow through the venturi should be simple. It seems to me that you are measuring velocity in your experiment so...take your measured velocity and multiply by area to get your actual flow. Divide your theoretical by your actual to get the coefficient.
 P: 26 im not quite sure how to find out the theoretical and experimental pressures in a venturi tube is it something to do with the thickness of the tube and the high difference?
 P: 26 heres what am getting at the minute and it doesnt seam right: A1=201.1 (area of crossection) A2=530.9 K=0.37879 DeltaP= 195 Putting these numbers into the equation i get 17912.11 which is nothing like any of my other values any tell me what this means or where i have gone wrong? thanks
 Sci Advisor P: 5,095 What are the units of your $$\Delta P$$? That large of a number looks like possibly inHg or inH2O. You must use the proper units. Also, you are not finding the pressures. You measured them in your experiment! You are calculating the theoretical flow using your measured pressures and comparing it to what you actually measured in the bucket.
 P: 26 i measured the height difference in each of the tubes, these values are in mm how do i work out the pressure change? thanks for help :)
 Sci Advisor P: 5,095 millimeters of what? Water I am assuming. You need to use consistent units with your calculations. Look at the units you have for density and area. Look for conversions from mmH2O to psi or Lbf/ft^2.
 PF Gold P: 329 He is measuring the mass flow rate. So the Volume flow rate = 1/density * Mass flow rate Isn't this the experimental flow rate? So he is left with finding the theoretical flow rate. fcukniles: Do you have a diagram of your experimental set up? What are p1, p2 .p11? Difficult to read your data.
 Sci Advisor P: 5,095 Since there seems to be some confusion...here's what I see as confusing you: The mass flow in the tube at any point along the line has to be the same (conservation of mass). Therefore, if you take any two points where you did the measurements, you should calculate the same theoretical mass flow rate. So, for example, take station #1 (the entrance to the venturi) and station #4 (the throat section, i.e. smallest area): - You measured a mass flow rate of .424 kg/sec (trial #2) - The $$\Delta P$$ is the absolute value of the difference between two pressure readings. In your case, P1=222 mmH2O and P2=20 mmH2O. You HAVE TO convert these readings to the proper units. Since this is in metric, that would be into Pascals or N/m^2 (the unit of Newtons can be further broken down into kg*m/s^2. That leaves you with an overall pressure unit of (kg*m)/(s^2*m^2)) - The area ratio, k (what is normally called the "beta" ratio) is the ratio of the smaller area to the larger area, or this case, 201.1/530.9. NOTE: Since this is a ratio, you don't have to worry about the units here. No matter what units you use, the answer will be the same. - Since I didn't see it anywhere, I am assuming you used a value for the density of water of 1000 kg/m^3. Again, you have to use the proper units! NOW you can calculate the THEORETICAL mass flow through the venturi. Once you get that value, compare that value to the measured mass flow rat to calculate the Cd. I did run the numbers that you had for this trial and they came out pretty good. The Cd I calculated is along the lines of what I would expect for a venturi meter.
 P: 26 how do i convert them? i've been playing around with the numbers but no luck, nothing that is close to 0.450
 P: 26 ok im lost... me = wild sheep in new york
 P: 26 baaaaaaaaaa
 Admin P: 21,597 The equivalence for pressure at the some height of water can be found from the relationship P = $\rho$gh. Units have to be consistent. However, 1 atm = 1.013 bar = 1.01325E+5 Pa = 760 mmHg = 1.01325E+4 mmH2O = 1.033 kg/cm2 = 14.696 psi 1 Pa = 1E-5 bar = 9.869E-6 atm = 0.0075 mmHg = 0.1 mmH2O = 1.02E-5 kg/cm2=0.000145 psi Calculator for pressure - http://www.lenntech.com/unit-convers...r/pressure.htm Just put a number in one of the boxes and hit calculate.
 P: 26 ok so if: A1 = 30mm => 300 N/m^2 A2 = 195mm => 1950 N/m^2 k= 0.15385 so puttin these into the formula: 1950 x [sqrt (2x1650x1000)/1-0.15385^2] 3569835.251 !?! pretty sure this aint right! any help?

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