What is Analytical: Definition and 278 Discussions

Analytical chemistry studies and uses instruments and methods used to separate, identify, and quantify matter. In practice, separation, identification or quantification may constitute the entire analysis or be combined with another method. Separation isolates analytes. Qualitative analysis identifies analytes, while quantitative analysis determines the numerical amount or concentration.
Analytical chemistry consists of classical, wet chemical methods and modern, instrumental methods. Classical qualitative methods use separations such as precipitation, extraction, and distillation. Identification may be based on differences in color, odor, melting point, boiling point, solubility, radioactivity or reactivity. Classical quantitative analysis uses mass or volume changes to quantify amount. Instrumental methods may be used to separate samples using chromatography, electrophoresis or field flow fractionation. Then qualitative and quantitative analysis can be performed, often with the same instrument and may use light interaction, heat interaction, electric fields or magnetic fields. Often the same instrument can separate, identify and quantify an analyte.
Analytical chemistry is also focused on improvements in experimental design, chemometrics, and the creation of new measurement tools. Analytical chemistry has broad applications to medicine, science and engineering.

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  1. R

    Physical and analytical chemistry

    Homework Statement at 20 degree celcius, the solubility of a solid substance x in water is 42g/L. There are 3 solutions containing x kept at this temperature: S1 contains 5.1g/L,S2 contains 39g/L, and S3 contains 57g/L.so, how to make a saturated solution containing 45g x per litre overall for...
  2. R

    Physical and analytical chemistry

    at 20 degree celcius, the solubility of a solid substance x in water is 42g/L. There are 3 solutions containing x kept at this temperature: S1 5.1g/L, S2 contains 39g/L, and S3 contains 57g/L. if we want to make S1 saturated with x, is it possible that we can add an equal volume of S2 and S1...
  3. R

    Physical and analytical chemistry

    Homework Statement A rigid container,maintained at 50 degree celcius, is evacuated by a vacuum pump. After this, some liquid n-propanol is introduced into the container. part of the liquid will flash off inside the vacuum,but eventually the system will settle into equilibrium. what is the...
  4. D

    Analytical Geometry HW: 1.2.1, mPR & mRN Solutions

    Homework Statement http://img23.imageshack.us/img23/8680/68366634.gif 1.2.1 only! Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution mPR=1/2 tan(1/2)=26.57 mRN= -1/5 ref angle=11.32 R=11.32+26.57 =37.88 is it correct?
  5. D

    Analytical Geometry Homework: Find Co-ordinates of N

    Homework Statement http://img15.imageshack.us/img15/3262/30115975.png Homework Equations all analytical methods The Attempt at a Solution I kinda got stuck for determining the co-ordinates of N, need some help.
  6. M

    Vibration Damping an Analytical Scale

    Hello MechEs (or anybody else who'd care to reply) I'm about to get a small, but fairly sensitive analytical scale recently (down to 0.01 mg) and now I'm trying to figure out a way to dampen ambient vibration from the room and its surroundings (people walking around, HVAC, etc.) I've got a...
  7. G

    Interference Wedge Problem - Analytical Chemistry&Instrumental Analysis

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  8. E

    Analytical solutions of cubic equations

    I hope somebody will help me with the following problem. Analytical solutions of cubic equations make use of the method of Cardano. Those solutions give roots that are functions of the coefficients of the equations, being functions where cubic roots are involved. Generally speaking cubic roots...
  9. D

    Lim(x*sqrt(1-cos(2*Pi/x)),x->Infinty) using analytical methods

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  10. I

    How Can You Calculate Ball Trajectory and Impact Velocity?

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  11. L

    News Here's a Shocker: Gates says Obama more Analytical than Bush

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  12. S

    Developing Analytical Skills: The Science Behind Improving Your Thinking Process

    Is it possible to develop your analytical skills? I have read before that you can increase your analytical ability by solving puzzles(soduku) but I do not know if there is any research that proves that one can actually increase their analytical reasoning. I was actually thinking about buying...
  13. R

    Contradiction in Gauss's Law: Analytical vs Intuitive Evaluation

    I was thinking about gauss's law and ran into this contradiction. Consider this situation in electrostatics. You have an infinite line of charge, uniform charge density [text]\lambda[/tex]. In cgs units, E at a distance r from the line of charge along the +y axis (assuming a left handed...
  14. N

    Multiplier circuit - analytical expression

    I have been assigned a task that I have found to be very difficult - to try and develop an alaytical (mathematical) expression for the output voltage with respect to time of the cockroft-walton voltage doubler shown below (so that I can plot the transient response), when the input voltage is a...
  15. T

    Analytical chem lab and dilution factors

    Homework Statement Find the mg of Fe in vitamin pill. Vitamin pill was dissolved in 25mL HCl which was then diluted to 250mL with water in flask. 25mL of that solution was then diluted to 100mL in another flask. 10mL of the second was diluted to 100mL in another flask. Absorbance of the last...
  16. malawi_glenn

    Chain rule and Analytical Mechanics

    This is stuff I do in order to understand analytical mechanics better, I encounter the followin thing: \frac{\partial L}{\partial \dot{\phi}} = \text{?} Where \dot{\phi} = \frac{\partial \phi}{\partial q} \frac{dq}{dt} = \frac{\partial \phi}{\partial q} \dot{q} I should know this! It is...
  17. C

    Which Should I Take First: Analytical Chemistry or Physical Chemistry?

    I will be picking my Spring courses on Monday and I just want to know which class you would recommend me taking first: analytical chem or physical chemistry? does it matter which I take first? I will have to take physical chemistry 2, so should I take physical chemistry first because of that...
  18. J

    Analytical Classical Dynamics: An intermediate level course

    Moderation note: In reference to http://farside.ph.utexas.edu/teaching/336k/lectures.pdf Lagrangian(L) and Hamiltonian(H), Dear Greg I am studying the L and H. If kinetic energy(K) and potential(U) are given it seems that L=K-U. Hamilton defines (p_i, dot q_i being components of momentum...
  19. F

    Analytical Solution to this? - linear system of ODES

    Analytical Solution to this? -- linear system of ODES Hi All, It's been awhile since I've even attempted to solve something analytically, so before jumping back into the text. Does the following already have a common solution that I can find somewhere? Thanks, dx1/dt = A1 + B1x1...
  20. T

    Analytical Chemistry: Preparing for Labs & Grades

    I am currently taking an Analytical Chemistry class which has labs in it. I did my first one last week and it wasn't so bad - I still have one more week to finish up my lab write up. This week though we are doing another lab, and my hopes are that I can prepare myself better for this week. I...
  21. M

    Schools An Analytical Paper for College Admissions

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  22. B

    Help: Analytical Chem Tritration Problem

    Can someone please help me with this back tritration problem! a 100.0 ml sample of spring water was treated to convert any iron present to Fe2+ (AW 55.847) Addition of 25.00 ml of .002107 M K2Cr2O7 (FW294.185) resulted in the reaction: 6(Fe2+) + (Cr2O7)(2-) + 14H+ _____6(Fe3+) + 2(Cr3+) =...
  23. M

    Can Complex Analysis Simplify (n*i)^(1/2) Expressions?

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  24. S

    Finding x in cos(x)=exp(-2x): Analytical Solutions?

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  25. M

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  26. U

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  27. Greg Bernhardt

    Analytical Classical Dynamics: An intermediate level course

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  28. B

    Analytical Chemistry, Introductory

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  29. H

    An Analytical evaluation of a defined integral

    Hi All, I have been given this example and am trying to explain. \int_{0}^{1} {x^2} dx Solve this integral with respect to the definition of the defined integral. Homework Statement (1) Let P_{n} be the partion of the interval [0,1] into n equally sized sub-partions...
  30. H

    A analytical approach to the differential equation

    An analytical approach to the differential equation(urgent) Homework Statement (1) Given the function f: t \mapsto |t|, show that the function f is a differentiable function where t \neq 0 and write f's the differential coffiecient. 2) Given the function g: t \mapsto \sqrt{t^2}, show...
  31. S

    Analytical Classical Dynamics: Newton's Laws

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  32. D

    Can anyone recommend a good textbook for Analytical Mechanics

    I am currently taking the second semester of a 2 semester course in Mechanics. We are using the book, Analytical Mechanics by Fowles and Cassiday. This book is okay, but I'd really like to find a used secondary mechanics book with more explanations and problems to solve. Can anyone recommend...
  33. N

    Analytical solution of Laplace's equation with horrendous boundary conditions

    Hi, I'm trying to find an analytical solution of Laplace's equation: \phi_{xx} + \phi_{tt} = 0 with the tricky boundary conditions: 1. \phi(x=0,|t|>\tau)= 0 2. \phi(x\neq0, |t|>>\tau)=0 3. \phi_{x}(x=0, |t|<\tau)=-1 4. \phi_{t}(x, |t|>>\tau)=0 I have the following ansatz(I...
  34. M

    Help: want to find an analytical soln to this =p

    So, here's the motivation to my problem: I have this following equation: P(u) = \frac{u^n}{1+u+u^2+...+u^n} , 'n' being a given constant. I figured out that I could simplify the power series on the denominator, and get a better solution for P(u): P(u) = \frac{u^n-u^{n+1}}{1 - u^{n+1}}Now...
  35. L

    How to Excel Analytical Chemistry

    I just got my Analytical Chemistry test grade. It's fine but not a great grade. Everybody thinks it was a problem of time constraint.I think it's because were given question types that are different from what is in our book. Around 70% is very acceptable. The rest is a complicated problem that...
  36. L

    Analytical Marathon: Ace Your Exam

    Analytical Marathon?! After only two weeks of this semester, we have our first exam in analytical chemistry: 1- Definition of Analytical Chemistry 2- The expression of quantities and concentrations 3- Chemical Equilibrium & how its calculations can be applied to complex systems 4- Others...
  37. L

    What are some good books/websites for Analytical Chemistry?

    I am taking a 1 semester analytical chemistry course with a tough teacher (according to her students), and I want to have the maximum preparation for this course through all the means available. PS: I am a biology student. Thanks.
  38. malawi_glenn

    How to Proceed with Analytical Functions Proof?

    Homework Statement See pdf - file Homework Equations See pdf - file The Attempt at a Solution See pdf - file Is it right so far? How can I proceed?
  39. M

    Solving Nonlinear ODEs with Trigonometric Functions in Physics

    I have a couple ODEs that I need to solve. I was probably just going to put them into mathematica, but I like finding the analytical way also. The first one is \frac{d}{dx}\left( \frac{(y + \lambda)y'}{\sqrt{1+y'^2}} \right) = \sqrt{1+y'^2} Lambda is a constant and y' is dy/dx. I...
  40. E

    A question about Analytical Mechanics

    i am studing Analytical Mechanics in these days.it is really amazing. but a question pazzles me .it seems: to generalized coordinates q,δq is arbitrary,it can equal 0;while variation in the x-coordinate, δx is not. i just cann't understand
  41. D

    Analytical solutions of S.E. for unusual potential

    Analytical solutions of S.E. for "unusual" potential Hi, Given the potential V(x)=0, when x<0 (region I) V(x)=V_0, when 0<=x<=a, V_0=real constant (region II) V(x)=infinite when x>a (region III) What would be the general form on the solutions for each region? I...
  42. J

    Analytical Chemistry involving buffer

    Homework Statement What volume of 0.200M HCl must be added to 250.0ml of 0.300M sodium mandelate to produce a buffer solution with a pH of 3.37? Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution For 2 and 3, can I use the equation pH = pKa + log [A-/HA]? but for HCl isn't that 100%...
  43. E

    Analytical Mechanics- constraints/lagrange

    Homework Statement Consider a point mass m moving under the influence of the gravitational force F= -mg e_y . The mass is constrained to slide along a given curve y= f(x) in the x-y plane. You may set z=0 from the start and consider two dimensional motion. c) A Skier descends a slope with...
  44. Z

    Vector Analysis using Graphical and Analytical

    1.a A hot air balloon drifts 12km in a direction 70 degrees South of East. An abrupt charge in air movement then comes the balloon 8.0km in a direction 40 degrees South of West. Estimate the record displacement from the starting position after the two drifts. (magnitude & displacement)...
  45. B

    Download "Calculus and Analytical Geometry" by Thomas Finny

    hi every one I am new to here. I need a online addition of book "calclus and analytical Geometry" by Thomas finny. From where i can download it??
  46. T

    Need Analytical proof for

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  47. J

    Calculate Natural Frequency of Damped Oscillator w/ Elastic Spring

    given the amplitude of a damped harmonic oscillator drops to 1/e of its inital value after n complete cycles show the ratio of oscillation to the period of the sam oscillator with no damping is T damped/ T undamped = (1 + 1/(4pi^2 n^2) ^(1/2) i got the auxillary parts where T undamped...
  48. A

    Analytical mechanics problem

    As in the attached picture. A cylindrical shell with mass M can roll without gliding on a horizontal plane In the cylindrical shell a particle ,p, with mass m can glide without friction. At the beginning there is no motion and the angle to the particles position is \phi=\frac{\pi}{2}...
  49. P

    Analytical Mechanics References

    Hi, I am looking for books which discuss Mechanics at the same level as "Analytical Mechanics" by Fowles & Cassiday. If you know of any can you please help. Thank you.
  50. U

    Can an analytical solution for PRKE be found with ramp reactivity ?

    Hi there, Before i state what my actual question is, let me give some background on some work i have done on this. I have been trying to solve the 0-D PRKE transient problem for a step and a ramp input numerically using couple of high precision methods. 1) Using MATLAB's inbuilt ode23s...
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