What is Bounded: Definition and 536 Discussions

In functional analysis, a bounded linear operator is a linear transformation



L
:
X

Y


{\displaystyle L:X\to Y}
between topological vector spaces (TVSs)



X


{\displaystyle X}
and



Y


{\displaystyle Y}
that maps bounded subsets of



X


{\displaystyle X}
to bounded subsets of



Y
.


{\displaystyle Y.}

If



X


{\displaystyle X}
and



Y


{\displaystyle Y}
are normed vector spaces (a special type of TVS), then



L


{\displaystyle L}
is bounded if and only if there exists some



M
>
0


{\displaystyle M>0}
such that for all



x


{\displaystyle x}
in



X
,


{\displaystyle X,}


The smallest such



M
,


{\displaystyle M,}
denoted by




L

,


{\displaystyle \|L\|,}
is called the operator norm of



L
.


{\displaystyle L.}

A linear operator that is sequentially continuous or continuous is a bounded operator and moreover, a linear operator between normed spaces is bounded if and only if it is continuous.
However, a bounded linear operator between more general topological vector spaces is not necessarily continuous.

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  1. B

    Is the Function f(x) = (x+2)^-1 Bounded on the Open Interval (-2,2)?

    Hi, I would like to know if the function f(x) = (x+2)^-1 is bounded on the open interval (-2,2)? The interval doesn't include the point x = -2 but I'm not sure if I can say that there is a K>=0 such that |f(x)| < K for all x in (-2,2). The function is defined everywhere in that interval but...
  2. S

    Area of Region Bounded by y = x^2 and y = 5x+6

    Consider the region bounded by y = x^2, y = 5x+6, and the negative x-axis Compute the area of this region. Im somewhat confused by what they mean by the negative x-axis? The points of intersection between the two functions are [-1,1] and [6,36] A = Integral -1 to 6 (5x-6-x^2)? I'd...
  3. Y

    Bounded Solution of the Heat PDE: Is u Necessarily the Heat Kernel?

    Lets say we have a solution u, to the cauchy problem of the heat PDE: u_t-laplacian(u) = 0 u(x, 0) = f(x) u is a bounded solution, meaning: u<=C*e^(a*|x|^2) Where C and a are constant. Then, does u is necesseraly the following solution: u = integral of (K(x, y, t)*f(y)) Where K...
  4. Reshma

    How to Find the Area Bounded by a Hypocycloid Equation?

    Equation of a hypocycloid is: x^{3/2} + y^{3/2} = a^{3/2}. Find the area of the figure bounded by this hypocycloid. My work: I can use the plane polar coordinates here taking x = a\cos t & y = a\sin t with t = [0, 2\pi]. But I don't know how to obtain the surface integral for evaluating the...
  5. Reshma

    Area bounded by these lines and curves

    Find the area of a figure bounded by the equilateral hyperbola xy = a^2, the x-axis, and the lines x = a, b = 2a. My work: The equations of the lines and curves involved here are: xy = a^2 y = 0 x = a I don't know how b=2a is treated as an equation of a line here & hence I am puzzled as how to...
  6. M

    Uniformly continuous and bounded

    Let f be a real uniformly continuous function on the bounded set A in \mathbb{R}^1. Prove that f is bounded on A. Since f is uniformly continuous, take \epsilon = m, \exists \delta > 0 such that |f(x)-f(p)| < \epsilon whenever |x-p|<\delta and x,p \in A Now we have |f(x)| < m +...
  7. E

    What is the Definition and Equivalence of the Norm of a Bounded Operator?

    I'm having trouble with this for some reason. If A:\mathcal{H}\to \mathcal{H} is a bounded operator between Hilbert spaces, the norm of A is ||A|| = \inf\limits_{\psi \neq 0} \frac{||A\psi||}{||\psi||}. My trouble is in verifying that ||A|| is in fact a bound for A in the sense that...
  8. R

    How do closed, bounded, and compact concepts relate in metric spaces?

    Could someone explain me how these three concepts hang together? (When is a set bounded but not closed, closed but not bounded, closed but not compact and so one?)
  9. Gamma

    Find the volume bounded by two curves

    I have this problem bothering me. I am asked to find the volume bounded by two curves, when they were rotated about the y axis. I did it as usual. Functions are y1 = cosx +1 [tex] y_2 = 2(\frac{x - \pi}{\pi}) ^2[/itex] The way I did the problem is to find the volume of revolution of...
  10. V

    Does a bounded universe require more dimensions?

    Suppose the universe is bounded and not infinite, would it require more dimensions for the universe to curve back upon itself? Like most, I find it impossible to picture 3 dimensional space having a boundary.
  11. S

    Finding region bounded by curves

    Hi. I'm new here. :) I was wondering if anyone could help me out with this problem... i'm supposed to find the region bounded by: y=x+1 y=e^-x x=1 i think i should find the other point of intersection but i forgot to do that (i haven't taken a math course for about 4 years). please help!
  12. electronic engineer

    Bounded sequence as convergent

    Some rule says that not all bounded sequence must be convergent sequence , one example is the sequence with general bound: Xn=(-1)^n could anyone help?! thanks in advance!
  13. 1

    Uniform continuity and bounded

    Prove that if f is uniformly continuous on a bounded set S then f is bounded on S. Our book says uniform continuity on an interval implies regular continuity on the interval, and in the previous chapter we proved that if a function is continuous on some closed interval then it is bounded...
  14. T

    Essentially bounded funstions

    hey Can someone please give me an example of an essentially bounded function?? I'm a bit lost.
  15. I

    Bounded Function on Closed Interval: Proving Boundedness

    If f is defined on [a,b] and for every x in [a,b] there is a d_x such that if is bounded on [x-d_x, x+d_x]. Prove that f is bounded on [a,b]. This question seems very odd. If every point, and indeed the neighbourhood of every point is bounded, then of course the function itself must be bounded...
  16. K

    Showing a set is bounded

    Q: Show that every bounded set in R has a least upper bound. Using either "Every monotonic and bounded sequence is convergent" or "Every bounded sequence has an accumulation point" or "Every bounded sequence has a convergent subsequence" I'm not really sure how to start this out, but would...
  17. S

    An ordered field in which N is bounded.

    I have absolutely no clue how to start here. Let F be the set of expressions of the form a = sum from i in Z of a-sub-i*x*i, where each a-sub-i is an element of R and {i < 0 : a-sub-i does not equal 0) is finite. (X is a formal symbol, not a number). An element a belonging to F is positive if...
  18. I

    Understanding Bounded Intervals: A Guide to Suprema and Infima

    "If I and J are bounded, then I\capJ is also bounded." Now, I was able to do this using the definition of suprema and infima and so fourth, but it is one godawful mess. I could sumbit it as is, but I was wondering if there's an easier way.
  19. RadiationX

    Volume of a Region bounded by two surfaces

    Find the volume of the solid region R bounded above by the paraboloid z=1-x^2-y^2 and below by the plane z=1-y The solution to this problem is: V=\int_{0}^{1} \int_{-\sqrt{y-y^2}}^{\sqrt{y-y^2}} (1-x^2-y^2)dxdy -\int_{0}^{1} \int_{-\sqrt{y-y^2}}^{\sqrt{y-y^2}}(1-y)dxdy I thought that...
  20. I

    How do I properly bound the area between polar curves?

    I am having trouble finding the area between 2 polar curves... I have the procedure down, but the bounds are throwing me off. Any help with understanding how to bound would be great appreciated! I have attatched one problem that I am having hard time with and the work I have done. I know...
  21. B

    Find the volume of the solid which is bounded by the cylinders

    Q. Find the volume of the solid which is bounded by the cylinders x^2 + y^2 = r^2 and y^2 + z^2 = r^2. To me they don't really look like equations of cylinders, more like circles. Would the term "r" be constant in this case? Or would it be a variable? Even if r is a variable, I don't understand...
  22. C

    Find the volume y=sinx, bounded by the y axis, and the line y=1

    Can anybody help me find the volume y=sinx, bounded by the y axis, and the line y=1. The axis of revolution is the line y=1. I tried so many times and I can't find the correct answer, in the sheet it says (pie^2)/2 - 2pie
  23. Y

    Solving 2 Tricky Math Problems: Bounded Area & Convergence of Sequence

    There are two problems I got stuck... 1. Is the area in the first quadrant bounded between the x-axis and the curve \ y= \frac{x} {2*(x^2+2)^{7/8}} finite? This one, I used the Area formula... but then I cannot integrate it... and then how to determine if it's finite or not? 2...
  24. A

    Prove D U D' is bounded

    The homework question is this: Prove If D is a bounded subset of R then D bar = D U D’ is also bounded where D’ is the set of accumulation points of D. What is a general outline of a proof?
  25. V

    Calculating Average Value of f(x,y,z) in Solid Bounded by Cylinders

    Here is the problem: First Part (already done): Find the volume of the solid that is bounded above by the cylinder z = 4 - x^2, on the sides by the cylinder x^2 + y^2 = 4, and below by the xy-plane. Answer: \int_{-2}^{2}\int_{-\sqrt{4 - x^2}}^{\sqrt{4 - x^2}}\int_{0}^{4 -...
  26. V

    Calculating Volume of Solid Bounded by Cylinders and Plane

    Here is the problem: Find the volume of the solid that is bounded above by the cylinder z = 4 - x^2, on the sides by the cylinder x^2 + y^2 = 4, and below by the xy-plane. Here is what I have: \int_{-2}^{2}\int_{-\sqrt{4 - x^2}}^{\sqrt{4 - x^2}}\int_{0}^{4 - x^2}\;dz\;dy\;dx\;=\;12\pi...
  27. S

    Evaluate the integral over the bounded closed region

    Evaluate the integral over the bounded closed region B \int \int_{B} x^2 y^3 dx dy B is the region bounded by y=x^2 and y =x certainly the x=0 to x=1 will be the limits for the x part but what about the y does it go from root y to y? please help! i neeed to understand how to setup...
  28. I

    Find the area of the region bounded

    Find the area of the region bounded by: r= 6-2sin(\theta) here's what i did: 6-2sin(\theta) = 0 sin(\theta) = 1/3 so the bounds are from arcsin(-1/3) to arcsin(1/3) right? my integral: \int_{-.339}^{.339} 1/2*(6-2sin(\theta))^2 i get a answer of 0.6851040673*10^11, and it's...
  29. H

    Find the area bounded by y^2=x and y=x=2

    How do I do this problem below? Plz guide me step by step or a least show me the correct bounds so I can learn...thanks ***Find the area bounded by y^2=x and y=x=2 Thanks so much
  30. O

    Finding Volume of a Bounded Cylinder with Double Integral

    problem: find volume bordered by cylinder x^2 + y^2 = 4 and y+z=4 and z=4. the answer is said to be 16p. but I couldn't find it. I found it in double integral part.so it must be solved with double integral. I tried with Jacobian tranformation. nut still couldn't solve it. I was confused...
  31. P

    Area bounded by the two curves

    Find the area bounded by the two curves: x=100000(5*sqrt(y)-1) x=100000(\frac{(5*sqrt(y)-1)}{(4*sqrt(y))}) i'm having a lot of trouble trying to find the lower and upper limit of the two functions. I tried setting the two functions together and solving for y, but i get 0. then trying to...
  32. M

    Nonintegrable bounded function

    could someone give me an example of a function that is bounded but is nonintegrable? i need to know what a nonintegrable function bounded on [a,b] is as said in my preperation file for a test? urgent help needed
  33. C

    Showing the Inclusion of Infimum and Supremum in the Closure of a Bounded Set

    If A is a bounded subset of the reals, show that the points infA, supA belong to the closure A*. At first the answer seems obvious to me since A* contains its limit points. I'm just having trouble putting it into words, any suggestions would be great, thanks.
  34. N

    Webpage title: How to Find the Area Bounded by Curves on a Given Interval

    This is the problem: find the area of the region bounded by the curves f(x) = x^2 + 2 and g(x) = 4 - x^2 on the interval [-2,2] I did the whole integral from -2 to 2 with (4-x^2) - (x^2 + 2) dx because the graph of g(x) is on top between the region bounded. But from my drawing, the points...
  35. G

    Volumes Generated by Revolving the Area Bounded by x=y^2 and x=4

    Can someone please help me w/ these problems below: Find the volume generated by revolving the area abounded by x=y^2 and x=4 about a)the line y=2 b)the line x= -1 ***I tried to write out the integral not sure if it's correct: a) V=pi* int. of (sqrt(x)^2-(2-sqrt(x))^2) dx **integral form...
  36. A

    Volume of region bounded by cone and parabloid

    I don't know if anyone will be able to help me, I am really stuck on this question! "Show that the volume of the region bounded by the cone z=sqrt((x*x)+(y*y)) and the parabloid z=(x*x)+(y*y) is PI/6" The bits in the brackets (ie x*x and y*y) are x squared and y squared respectively and...
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