What is Communication: Definition and 323 Discussions
Communication (from Latin communicare, meaning "to share") is the act of developing meaning among entities or groups through the use of sufficiently mutually understood signs, symbols, and semiotic conventions.
In Claude Shannon's and Warren Weaver's influential model, human communication was imagined to function like a telephone or telegraph. Accordingly, they conceptualized communication as involving discrete steps:
The formation of communicative motivation or reason.
Message composition (further internal or technical elaboration on what exactly to express).
Message encoding (for example, into digital data, written text, speech, pictures, gestures and so on).
Transmission of the encoded message as a sequence of signals using a specific channel or medium.
Noise sources such as natural forces and in some cases human activity (both intentional and accidental) begin influencing the quality of signals propagating from the sender to one or more receivers.
Reception of signals and reassembling of the encoded message from a sequence of received signals.
Decoding of the reassembled encoded message.
Interpretation and making sense of the presumed original message.These elements are now understood to be substantially overlapping and recursive activities rather than steps in a sequence. For example, communicative actions can commence before a communicator formulates a conscious attempt to do so, as in the case of phatics; likewise, communicators modify their intentions and formulations of a message in response to real-time feedback (e.g., a change in facial expression). Practices of decoding and interpretation are culturally enacted, not just by individuals (genre conventions, for instance, trigger anticipatory expectations for how a message is to be received), and receivers of any message operationalize their own frames of reference in interpretation.The scientific study of communication can be divided into:
Information theory which studies the quantification, storage, and communication of information in general;
Communication studies which concerns human communication;
Biosemiotics which examines communication in and between living organisms in general.
Biocommunication which exemplifies sign-mediated interactions in and between organisms of all domains of life, including viruses.The channel of communication can be visual, auditory, tactile/haptic (e.g. Braille or other physical means), olfactory, electromagnetic, or biochemical. Human communication is unique for its extensive use of abstract language. Development of civilization has been closely linked with progress in telecommunication.
As I play on my new MacBook Pro and stream millions of bits per second through a cable, I find myself wondering about the theoretical limit of serial communication. I have noted that serial communication has become preferred over parallel communication over the years.
In fact, it's gotten...
Recently some scientists got Nobel prize for ability to mesure changes in quantum states without destruction of quantum confinement.Does that mean possibility to create in the future two way communication without any physical link between two different places...
I search after information about who the car can communicate with others cars and protocols for this?
I know that these subjects are new so they are several start ups and labs in the universities that research these areas and I will glad to know about them.
I will glad if you can help me to...
has anyone worked on using the spin of certain sister pairs of subatomic particles as digital communication that is that to have a device that spins one sister particle one way or another, that spins its sister particle in a receiver on the other side of the world or universe where a sensors...
Recently I've came by this article:
"Intercontinental quantum liaisons between entangled electrons in ion traps of thermoluminescent crystals" by Robert Desbrandes and Daniel Van Gent
http://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0611109
Researchers used ion traps caused by imperfections of the crystals to...
Hi!
I'm currently using SN75179BP to convert RS-422 communication to UART, allowing communication from my Arduino to an RS-422 device.
I need to isolate that device from my arduino+driver/receiver circuit.
Does anyone know a good optocoupler solution for RS-422 lines?
any...
Hi PF,
Actually the information signal can be represented as real signal. Then why do we go for complex representations? why complex conjugates etc do appear after all? May be some basics is lacking :confused:
-Devanand T
I don't have much experience in EE, but for a project, I was wondering if I could create a device that can wirelessly transmit short binary strings from one end of a classroom to another. Would it be a feasible project for a freshman student of electrical engineering?
BiP
Hi all,
I got an idea why noise is having a gaussian pdf but didnot understood why it should be having zero mean. Why can't noise contain a dc content.
-Devanand T
Is it at all possible for radio communication to travel from the obscured part of our galaxy to Earth? If so, about how long would it take to reach us?
I have an idea for fiction where we're able to receive communications from the far side of the Milky Way, but we can't figure out how to...
Hi, I'm a junior year electrical engineering student with communication major. Within 3 or 4 months i'll have to select a research topic. Can anyone help me with some latest topics? It is bad luck for me, I'm not adroit with circuits.:mad: Actually, I'm very much interested in physics and from...
Homework Statement
Sketch the single-side and double-sided amplitude and phase spectra of
Homework Equations
a) Xa(t)=5cos(12∏t-pi/6)
b)Xc(t)=4cos(8∏t)cos(12∏t)
The Attempt at a Solution
I have no idea how to start off this problem
It is often said that superluminal communication is prohibited by special theory of relativity.
Do you think this is true? I have doubts about this claim.
Imagine a communication between two astronauts in two distant inertial frames A,B with any mutual velocity.
Suppose that both...
Let say we take each of the entangled photons and send one of them to receiver and one to transmitter located light years away. On receiver side photon is passing through double slit and hitting the screen. On transmitter side there is movable light stop placed at the same optical distance from...
question for experienced -- digital communication books
i want name of book for digital communication useful and simple way to present contents that i can study by my self
thanks in advance
Hi
I have to reverse engineer/decode the communication on a two wire SPI bus, there is no slave select line to help determine master and slave. How do I determine which side is communicating at any point in time? I think I can determine which side is the clock with a couple of back to back...
I have a question in my mind whether two way communication is possible over same wire.
For example, suppose you have a coaxial line which is used to send information from A end to B end. Now, Is it possible that B sends info to A simultaneously when A is sending info to B?
Understanding communication via QE - is filtering the only obstacle? to FTL communication
FTL = faster than light
In a two-photon (i.e. entangled photons) double slit or similar experiments -
Information cannot be sent FTL because there are no patterns (mapping to which-way or no-which-way)...
I have given a brief explanation of the ZWM study and a modified apparatus below, but for those wishing to become more familiar with the ZWM study the actual references are (experimental paper first and theoretical second)
X. Y. Zou, L. J. Wang, and L. Mandel, Phys. Rev. Lett. 67, 318 (1991)...
I'm trying to read data from a serial port in simulink. The serial configuration blocks and query instrument are not working properly for the device I try to read over COM port.
In matlab, I can easily read out data from the device using fopen() and fscanf().
Using the MATLAB function...
Here is an instant communication protocol for Alice and Bob. Alice and Bob are given one each of a pair of momentum entangled photons (or particles).
The two particles are prepared with entangled momentum states and the momentum distribution for both has uncertainty Δpi. The position...
Hi,
I've been reading some stuff about quantum entanglement and I stumbled upon an article talking about a delayed choice quantum eraser experiment using parametric down conversion. I was wondering if it was possible to communicate a signal through to the other side faster than light...
Hello.
I have problem approaching the attached question and understanding how to solve it. I desperately need some help here. :confused:
Thanks! :smile:
I'm just curious, in the Coulomb gauge changes made locally to the scalar and vector potential fields are propagated instantaneously, classically we wave off this problem since the potentials aren't directly observable... except they are in Aharanov-Bohm. Presumably there's something that saves...
iam making a project of serial communication between computer and controller the problem is:- db9 female port is connected to computer and male port is there to connect with max232 now in all circuits i have seen they have written that pin 2 is RTX or receiving pin whereas when i send signal...
What does "communication skills" mean in the professional world?
I see the phrase "has excellent communication skills" relatively often in job adds. The term "communication skills" sounds funny to me. What does this mean in a business environment? Is the "phrase communication skills" used in...
Basically like a cellphone. I am aware that it is pointless, like most things in this life, but it makes sense if you want to learn about things. So I have a question
Using knowledge on communication technology, and a bunch of old cellular phones, is it possible to combine all of that hardware...
I am making a CCD camera from scratch and all seems to be going pretty swimmingly. However, my programming skills are very basic and the communication with the computer is set to be my next stumbling block. The camera will be controlled via a PIC processor, I have a friend who is writing some...
Hai,
I see many programming languages with instructions etc., and computer performing accordingly. Also, I hear computer converts the instructions into binary and it performs operations. Well, what I don't get is, even though it converts the instructions binary, how can it understand that...
Hello:
I am curious if it could be theoretically possible to use QM as a communications device to make really long distance calls.
I've been reading on locality and my understanding is just beginning so bear with me as I may have it all wrong. But on a basic level if we could affect a set...
I've been having a hard time as of late, to communicate. I've always had problems with articulation and this seems to have worsen over the years and I speak too quickly. I think too much and too fast and I don't realize that I go so quickly.
It's not just "speech" problems, it's also in...
I'm just trying to figure out, theoretically, how this would be possible:
What type of particles would cause this to be possible and how exactly would they be linked if, in a metaphorical situation, two minds were able to communicate via quantum entanglement?
I just want to know the...
there is a program in written in fortran 90 and a program written in c, the first program is able to modify .xyz (mol files) and the C program can read those,
so is it possible to make an interprocess communication between these 2 program to let one update instantly if i change anything in the...
I have a question about the correct way to write a reference to a private communication.
The other day I was making some corrections in the proof of an article that will soon be published. One of the questions/comments from the editors office was that regarding a referenfce to a private...
Hi, I'm doing a project to send messages from a PC to a micro controller using WiFi. The MCU will intern display the message on an LCD. I have doubts about what devices I should buy to make the wifi communication and also what type of MCU I need to buy?...Any suggestions...
A bungee jumper jumps from a very high tower with bungee cords attached to his ankles. As he reaches the end of the bungee cord, it begins to stretch. The cord stretches for relatively long time and then it recoils pulling him back up. After several bounces he dangles unhurt from the bungee...
I have a very weird assignment/project. The link http://www.cns.cornell.edu/documents/JeffKashIBMTJWatsonResearchCenter.pdf" has an eye diagram in pg4 of the slide. That eye diagram has been constructed using copper wired interconnect for chip to chip communication. Now, I have no idea what is...
Serena Williams went off on the umpire at the US Open, hurling the devastating insult of "You're unattractive inside!" And then followed it up with commands "Don't look at me!"
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=px03E5NnPSU
Tennis must be a lot different than soccer because, in my years...
I know the answer to this is most likely "No", and that there have been other threads on this topic before. But recently someone explained a technique for superluminal communication using entanglement and watching for wave form collapse to transmit data. I've always know this not to be...
I recently have been doing some work on the entanglement phenomenon. In this regard someone brought to my attention an experiment with amazing results but unfortunately he did not have an exact reference for the experimenter or where the results were published. Very briefly, the experimenter...
I'm trying to setup serial communication between Matlab and an Arduino. As a test I have a logical input to the Arduino (it can be either 0 or 1). I then want to pass the value of the input to Matlab and display it. Here's the Arduino code I have:
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600)...
I graduated on May with the degree of Electrical Engineering. I worked as co-op students as a software tester and outside plant engineering on my second and third year of my studies. Anyways, I applied for any possible elect eng position but not one company called me back. I think the problem is...
The "message" travels back in time, am I correct? Because event propagation is at the speed of light, but the message is instantaneous, so at the frame it arrives it has traveled back in time...