What is Communication: Definition and 323 Discussions
Communication (from Latin communicare, meaning "to share") is the act of developing meaning among entities or groups through the use of sufficiently mutually understood signs, symbols, and semiotic conventions.
In Claude Shannon's and Warren Weaver's influential model, human communication was imagined to function like a telephone or telegraph. Accordingly, they conceptualized communication as involving discrete steps:
The formation of communicative motivation or reason.
Message composition (further internal or technical elaboration on what exactly to express).
Message encoding (for example, into digital data, written text, speech, pictures, gestures and so on).
Transmission of the encoded message as a sequence of signals using a specific channel or medium.
Noise sources such as natural forces and in some cases human activity (both intentional and accidental) begin influencing the quality of signals propagating from the sender to one or more receivers.
Reception of signals and reassembling of the encoded message from a sequence of received signals.
Decoding of the reassembled encoded message.
Interpretation and making sense of the presumed original message.These elements are now understood to be substantially overlapping and recursive activities rather than steps in a sequence. For example, communicative actions can commence before a communicator formulates a conscious attempt to do so, as in the case of phatics; likewise, communicators modify their intentions and formulations of a message in response to real-time feedback (e.g., a change in facial expression). Practices of decoding and interpretation are culturally enacted, not just by individuals (genre conventions, for instance, trigger anticipatory expectations for how a message is to be received), and receivers of any message operationalize their own frames of reference in interpretation.The scientific study of communication can be divided into:
Information theory which studies the quantification, storage, and communication of information in general;
Communication studies which concerns human communication;
Biosemiotics which examines communication in and between living organisms in general.
Biocommunication which exemplifies sign-mediated interactions in and between organisms of all domains of life, including viruses.The channel of communication can be visual, auditory, tactile/haptic (e.g. Braille or other physical means), olfactory, electromagnetic, or biochemical. Human communication is unique for its extensive use of abstract language. Development of civilization has been closely linked with progress in telecommunication.
hello,
I have a diploma in computer in computer and communication engineering.in this field i studied mainly programming,electronics,electricity,mathematics,telecommunication and computer architecture.i can send you my CV and education documents if you like.
but the physics is my dream and...
hey every one that could help me with this just let youself go...
I was wondering what do you think about Oral communication?
Oral communication as expressing youself at school in presentations, with another person or a group of persons, at work or anywhere that oral communication has a...
Urgent...Communication Question
Homework Statement
A 1kHz sinusoidal frequency modulates a carrier at 146.52MHz with a peak deviation of 5kHz.Evaluate the exact magnitude spectra of FM signal if Ec=1. Sketch your result. Using carson's rule, evaluate the approximate bandwidth of the FM...
Many seem to be skeptical whether faster-than-light communication is possible. Consider the experiments performed by Alain Aspect where the polarization of one of the entangeled photons force the other to collapse into the opposite axis.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alain_Aspect
The...
I wanted to have a rhyming title, so I said cessation of communication but basically I'm talking about no longer speaking to a certain person.
This is a "friend" of mine from Berkeley that was a roommate for a year in sophomore year and has been my hang-out buddy for 4-5 years.
However...
I'm a second year engineering student and as part of my course, am required to do one subject per semester not related to engineering/science/mathematics. First semester I did International Politics and I'm enrolled for another politics subject sem 2, but I've been thinking about changing that...
I have a few dozen (or maybe a few hundred, I haven't counted) frogs living outside my window and they are constantly making sounds. What exactly is the purpose of this? I imagine that they must somehow be communicating but what are they conveying which requires constantly croaking?
Hi,
I have a cooler and a pressure gauge which I need to operate from Matlab. Both devices are connected to the computer via a serial port. I've been using the Matlab Instument Toolbox Test & Measurement tool to try and communicate with these machines. The problem is that I don't get any data...
Hi and thanks for your help
I have a table in Excel spreadsheet which is containing data to motor through a stepper driver I can convert this spreadshhet by save as CSV file, the problem I have know is to write a programme in MS DOS throgh windows to send this CSV file to the serial port and...
FTL communication: might QM entanglement "trump" relativity?
As we presently understand entanglement, it can't be used for FTL communication, since some speed-of-light exchage of information between Bob and Alice is required. So c apparently still remains the communication speed limit.
But...
Homework Statement
A 1kHz analogue signal is to be encoded using 8-level Pulse Code Modulator. This specification results in a bit rate of 5.5K bits/sec. The signal is to be transmitted over a 1 km distance with a 10kHz bandwidth on a Frequency Modulated, F.M., Carrier. The carrier frequency...
Hi,
A thought experiment I am struggling with..
Imagine you were disembodied and could only communicate with the outside world through the wave function collapse. What would be the best way to try and communicate with people?
Conversely, if you were looking for such a person what device...
Do cells communicate with each other using electrical signals? and if so is it because when the membrane of the cell takes on a charge it affects the adjacent cell to it which affects that cells membranes charge?
and how is that helpful to what is happening on the inside of the cell
I know that currently accepted theory is that entanglement cannot - and never will - be used to send FTL communications.
Leaving that minor detail aside, what I am not clear on is why _quantum_ FTL communication would necessarily violate SR if one believes in MWI.
Let's say Cramer's...
My speculation relates to “Superluminal Communication” in the context of a paper by Robert Desbrandes and Daniel Van Gent titled “Intercontinental quantum liaisons between entangled electrons in ion traps of thermoluminescent crystals” (see http://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0611109). In their...
Homework Statement
1a. is the statement "there is no place in the universe where a body can exist with no force acting on it" if aggree or dissagree explain why?...
b. Is it possible for a centripetal force to do work on an object? explain your answer?
c. why do roller coasters rides...
In low freq magnetic communication, the carrier is not EM wave but low frequency varying magnetic field. Most of the energy is transmitted within the mag field, very little result in EM wave. I find this very strange, because in Maxwell equation's plane wave solution, B is always equal to E/c...
Hi,
I stumbled upon http://grad.physics.sunysb.edu/~amarch/" about a double slit quantum eraser experiment. Reading it I got the idea that it could be used for faster-than-light communication. The problem is that I couldn't figure out in which way this method would fail (other than being a...
I had to do a senior design project this semester to fulfill my requirements for graduation. We were working with a corporate sponsor who shall remain nameless. The sponsor was a very nice guy, and a very smart guy (PhD at MIT). We had team meetings with him every week to go over our progress...
Homework Statement
I would like to have some of my homework problems checked. I looked in the book, and answered these the best I could. My answers are in bold. Thanks in advance for the help!
Homework Equations
N/A.
The Attempt at a Solution
1. Which functional plant cells lack a...
As I understand it FTL communication via quantum entanglement would be impossible since it violates causality, but would it be possible to transfer information using QE slower that the speed of light? I recall reading something like that the receiver would not be able to tell whether the...
http://cosmiclog.msnbc.msn.com/archive/2007/07/17/274531.aspx
I know most physicists reject the idea of FTL communication but I'm
surprised the experiment described in this article wasn't carried out
years ago or has it? Wouldn't the existence or absence of an
interference pattern created by...
Hi all,
I will be joining Electronics and Communication Engineering at National Institute of Technology Trichy(India) in a few days. My idea was to get involved in high tech industries like satelllite designing or avionics or things like that. I know i am pretty late when i ask you...
I am puzzled with the following gedankenexperiment.
Consider a pair of particles that are sent from x = 0 on different directions +x and -x with entangled position on the y axis.
Parallel to the y-axis we locate two double slit plates A and B. They plate A is located at x = -L and the plate B...
Hi,I am a graduate student, want to transfer from physics to electrical engineering to study communication and digital signal processing , till now I don't know so much about that.
Next semester, I will be a Teaching Assistant in Electrical engineering for the first year.each semester I must...
hi all - its been very long - hope everyone is well!
just a data comms related question:
When modelling a communication channel we normally include AWGN, that is, Additive white gaussian noise.
Can anybody tell me why we use white noise in the model. I know it has a constant power...
Hi all,
I am reading pretty much everywhere that no quantum protocol for faster-than-light communication can exist.
Now, clearly neither super-dense coding nor any other quantum protocol I know of can be used for FTL communication - but is there a self-contained proof that no such protocol can...
Hello all,
I am trying to communicate with a rs232 device using VB.
however, testing my program by using hypterminal, I noticed that any time I try to output an ascii character 128 or higher, it shows up as a '?' instead of the desired character.
I know hypterminal is able to display...
Has any experiment been conducted that shows a human fetus (or even an embryo) having the ability to express itself personally (an experience which expectant mothers, twins or obstetricians might claim subjectively)? If not, what test might suffice to establish our communication with the unborn?
As part of my (Math&Physics) course I am required to prepare a short report into a subject relating to Electomagnetism and to give a short presentation. My appointed topic is nervous transmission in the human body. Now, I have done no biology for a while (since A-Level) and was wondering what...
In this assignment, you are required to use LINUX inter-process communication (IPC) to
implement the game of “Rock, Paper, and Scissors”. The rule of this game need not be further
explained (just see the picture below). In each round, if two players choose the same weapon, the
round is a...
Could we somehow develope a neutrino telephone? Since they pass through everything, you wouldn't have to deal with obstructions like buildings which are often an issue with cell phones.
Hey PF ppl,
I read on may places about Ants having a communication system among them that is 'professional'.
Can anyone help me reach some useful pages regarding the matter. I espceially looking for a table or so about the chemicals they send and what they mean. Ofcourse any other...
hi
out of my own interest i want to present papers in various symposiums.
i am an electronics n communication enginerin student. i'd b obliged if u could provide me a list of probable topics on which papers could b presented in my field ( ECE) by me.
thanks in advance
narasimhan:smile:
I have a thought/question that maybe someone with more knowledge than I could explain.
From what I understand, nothing can travel faster than the speed of light, basically we cannot even communicate faster than the speed of light.
So here is my question, imagine a hypothetical rod that is...
1. Any one have a artcle or reffern about physics study of selular communication?
2. How is qulity of signal from ponsel is the best?
3. What's modulation on HP using?
Hi,
Can someone help explain why something that has the ability to move faster than c can potentially send a signal backwards in time - thus ruling out superluminal travel.
If a 'superluminal' ray starts out at t=0 then even if it does travel faster than light, any information it...
In a traditional Bell-type experiment, although one set of measurements is correlated with the other set, no communication can be conveyed because each set in itself appears a random sequence. It requires both sets of measurements to reveal action at a distance.
What if entangled triplets are...
Ok, so i just started taking a course in Communication systems. So far I am confused. I am never going into communication systems, but i still have to take the required course. I'm going into either Power or Control Systems.
But anyways, I really need help with this communcation problem...
Can quantumly entangled particles be used to send information? I've read that if they could, the information couldn't be sent at greater than c. However, the ability, if possible, to send information via this mechanism would allow information to be sent to another place even if the place is on...
What part of the brain is involved in turning thoughts and ideas into verbal communication, and why are some people able to communicate their thoughts easily and fluently while others become tongue tied and find it difficult to put their thoughts into words?
I'm posting this in the astronomy forum since it's the closest forum to one devoted to the SETI search.
I was doing some digitizing of voice recordings when I found a surprising effect. The first zip file attached below is of a voice recording in MP3 format. The digital sampling rate was at...